{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T16:29:18Z","timestamp":1784132958923,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To describe the technique and determine outcome for male cats with urethral obstruction treated with fluoroscopically guided percutaneous antegrade urethral catheterization (PAUC).<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Retrospective case series.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u20149 client-owned neutered male cats with urethral obstruction and inability to pass a retrograde urinary catheter.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Procedures<\/jats:bold>\u2014Information regarding the procedure and hospitalization was obtained from medical records. Long-term follow-up was obtained via medical record review or telephone interview.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Diagnoses included iatrogenic urethral tear (n = 6), obstructive urethral calculi (1), urethral ulceration (1), and urethral stricture (1). Seven of the 9 procedures were successful. The 2 patients in which PAUC failed had mechanical obstructions preventing guide wire access across the urethral obstruction. Procedure times ranged from 25 to 120 minutes. No complications were noted in any patients during the procedure. One patient was euthanized because of unrelated disease. Follow-up information was available for 6 of 8 surviving patients. No complications that could be directly attributed to the procedure were noted. All 6 patients had a perineal urethrostomy performed 0 days to 6 weeks following the procedure because of reobstruction of the lower urinary tract. None of these patients had documented urethral strictures and none had recurrence of clinical signs following perineal urethrostomy.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Results suggested that PAUC can be a simple, rapid, minimally invasive, and safe technique to facilitate transurethral catheterization in select cases. Patients with iatrogenic urethral tears may be good candidates. Patients with impacted urethral calculi, severe strictures or ulcerations, or a nondistended urinary bladder may be less amenable to PAUC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.241.5.603","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,23]],"date-time":"2012-08-23T15:05:11Z","timestamp":1345734311000},"page":"603-607","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Use of fluoroscopically guided percutaneous antegrade urethral catheterization for the treatment of urethral obstruction in male cats: 9 cases (2000\u20132009)"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"241","author":[{"given":"Elaine S.","family":"Holmes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chick","family":"Weisse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allyson C.","family":"Berent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Surgical management of blocked cats. 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A comparison of three techniques","first-page":"175","volume":"16","author":"Layton","year":"1987"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"Surgical management of urethral injury following pelvic trauma in three cats","first-page":"2","volume":"33","author":"Fearnside","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"Problems of the urethra. Surgical approaches","first-page":"17","volume":"1","author":"Bellah","year":"1989"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"Prepubic urethrostomy: a long term study in 16 cats","first-page":"107","volume":"30","author":"Baines","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"Transpelvic urethrostomy in 11 cats using ischial ostectomy","first-page":"246","volume":"33","author":"Bernarde","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"Outcome of and complications associated with tube cystostomy in dogs and cats: 76 cases (1995\u20132006)","first-page":"1184","volume":"230","author":"Beck","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"Cystotomy, partial cystectomy, and tube cystostomy","first-page":"11","volume":"15","author":"Cornell","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"Prepubic (suprapubic) catheterization of the dog","first-page":"261","volume":"25","author":"Dhein","year":"1989"},{"key":"ref17","series-title":"Surgical emergencies of the urinary tract","first-page":"581","volume":"30","author":"McLoughlin","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref18","series-title":"Percutaneous prepubic urinary drainage in normal cats","first-page":"202","volume":"12","author":"Botte","year":"1983"},{"key":"ref19","series-title":"Surgery of the bladder and urethra","first-page":"481","author":"Fossum","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref20","series-title":"Cystocentesis: diagnostic and therapeutic considerations","first-page":"353","volume":"26","author":"Kruger","year":"1996"},{"key":"ref21","series-title":"Abdominal paracentesis and cystocentesis","first-page":"413","volume":"4","author":"Scott","year":"1974"},{"key":"ref22","series-title":"Managing traumatic urethral injuries","first-page":"35","volume":"15","author":"Boothe","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref23","series-title":"Urethral reconstruction in dogs and cats","first-page":"850","volume":"12","author":"Rawlings","year":"1976"},{"key":"ref24","series-title":"Use and misuse of indwelling urethral catheters","first-page":"499","volume":"26","author":"Lees","year":"1996"},{"key":"ref25","series-title":"Catheter-induced urethral trauma in cats with urethral obstruction","first-page":"481","volume":"9","author":"Corgozinho","year":"2007"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/241\/5\/javma.241.5.603.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/241\/5\/javma.241.5.603.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/241\/5\/javma.241.5.603.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T11:36:22Z","timestamp":1741347382000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/241\/5\/javma.241.5.603.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,1]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.241.5.603","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1488"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1488","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,1]]}}}