{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]],"date-time":"2026-04-19T06:15:10Z","timestamp":1776579310985,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To evaluate effects of maropitant, acepromazine, and electroacupuncture on morphine-related signs of nausea and vomiting in dogs and assess sedative effects of the treatments.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Randomized controlled clinical trial.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u2014222 dogs.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Procedures<\/jats:bold>\u2014Dogs received 1 of 6 treatments: injection of saline (0.9% NaCl) solution, maropitant citrate, or acepromazine maleate or electroacupuncture treatment at 1 acupoint, 5 acupoints, or a sham acupoint. Morphine was administered after 20 minutes of electroacupuncture treatment or 20 minutes after injectable treatment. Vomiting and retching events and signs of nausea and sedation were recorded.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Incidence of vomiting and retching was significantly lower in the maropitant (14\/37 [37.8%]) group than in the saline solution (28\/37 [75.7%]) and sham-acupoint electroacupuncture (32\/37 [86.5%]) groups. The number of vomiting and retching events in the maropitant (21), acepromazine (38), 1-acupoint (35), and 5-acupoint (34) groups was significantly lower than in the saline solution (88) and sham-acupoint electroacupuncture (109) groups. Incidence of signs of nausea was significantly lower in the acepromazine group (3\/37 [8.1%]) than in the sham-acupoint group (15\/37 [40.5%]). Mean nausea scores for the saline solution, maropitant, and sham-acupoint electroacupuncture groups increased significantly after morphine administration, whereas those for the acepromazine, 1-acupoint electroacupuncture, and 5-acupoint electroacupuncture groups did not. Mean sedation scores after morphine administration were significantly higher in dogs that received acepromazine than in dogs that received saline solution, maropitant, and sham-acupoint electroacupuncture treatment.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Maropitant treatment was associated with a lower incidence of vomiting and retching, compared with control treatments, and acepromazine and electroacupuncture appeared to prevent an increase in severity of nausea following morphine administration in dogs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.244.7.820","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,20]],"date-time":"2014-03-20T19:24:27Z","timestamp":1395343467000},"page":"820-829","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Effects of maropitant, acepromazine, and electroacupuncture on vomiting associated with administration of morphine in dogs"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"244","author":[{"given":"Ronald B.","family":"Koh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalie","family":"Isaza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huisheng","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kirsten","family":"Cooke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheilah A.","family":"Robertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(08)70015-9","article-title":"Perioperative pain management.","volume":"30","author":"Pascoe","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Veterinary anaesthesia.","first-page":"75","article-title":"Principles of sedation, analgesia and premedication","author":"Hall","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics.","first-page":"310","article-title":"Papich MG. Opioid analgesic drugs","author":"KuKanich","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2004.00128.x","article-title":"Effects of acepromazine on the incidence of vomiting associated with opioid administration in dogs.","volume":"31","author":"Valverde","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"Can Vet J","first-page":"135","article-title":"Hydromorphone: a cost-effective alternative to the use of oxymorphone.","volume":"41","author":"Pettifer","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2001.218.884","article-title":"Comparison of the effects of morphine administered by constant-rate intravenous infusion or intermittent intramuscular injection in dogs.","volume":"218","author":"Lucas","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther","first-page":"329","article-title":"Locus of emetic action of morphine and hydergine in dogs.","volume":"111","author":"Wang","year":"1954"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2011.00645.x","article-title":"The use of maropitant to prevent vomiting induced by epidural administration of preservative free morphine through an epidural catheter in a dog.","volume":"38","author":"Mathis","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2005.66.386","article-title":"Effects of preanesthetic administration of morphine on gastroesophageal reflux and regurgitation during anesthesia in dogs.","volume":"66","author":"Wilson","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"Acta Sci Vet","first-page":"161","article-title":"Effects of morphine or tramadol on thiopental anesthetic induction dosage and physiologic variables in halothane anesthetized dogs.","volume":"35","author":"Natalini","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"Anesthesiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199207000-00023","article-title":"Postoperative nausea and vomiting. Its etiology, treatment, and prevention.","volume":"77","author":"Watcha","year":"1992"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"Veterinary anesthesia.","first-page":"507","article-title":"Prevention and management of anaesthetic accidents and crises","author":"Hall","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"Material safety data sheet. Maropitant citrate solution for injection.","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.68.1.48","article-title":"Efficacy of maropitant for treatment and prevention of emesis caused by intravenous infusion of cisplatin in dogs.","volume":"68","author":"de la Puente-Redondo","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2010.0611.x","article-title":"Efficacy of maropitant in the prevention of delayed vomiting associated with administration of doxorubicin to dogs.","volume":"24","author":"Rau","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"Vet Comp Oncol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5829.2006.00123.x","article-title":"Efficacy of injectable maropitant (Cerenia) in a randomized clinical trial for prevention and treatment of cisplatin-induced emesis in dogs presented as veterinary patients.","volume":"5","author":"Vail","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref17","series-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2012.00788.x","article-title":"Efficacy of maropitant in preventing vomiting in dogs premedicated with hydromorphone.","volume":"40","author":"Hay Kraus","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref18","series-title":"Veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics.","first-page":"1041","article-title":"Drugs affecting gastrointestinal function","author":"Boothe","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref19","series-title":"Veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics.","first-page":"337","article-title":"Sedative agents: tranquilizers, alpha-2 agonists, and related agents","author":"Posner","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref20","series-title":"Plumb's veterinary drug handbook.","author":"Plumb","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref21","series-title":"J Clin Pharmacol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1552-4604.1993.tb05618.x","article-title":"Dose-related antagonism of the emetic effect of morphine by methylnaltrexone in dogs.","volume":"33","author":"Foss","year":"1993"},{"key":"ref22","series-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1017\/S0265021506000482","article-title":"Ondansetron or droperidol for prophylaxis of nausea and vomiting after intrathecal morphine.","volume":"23","author":"Peixoto","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref23","series-title":"Anesth Analg","first-page":"1072","article-title":"Single-dose haloperidol for the prophylaxis of postoperative nausea and vomiting after intrathecal morphine.","volume":"98","author":"Parlow","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref24","series-title":"Am J Trad Chinese Vet Med","first-page":"35","article-title":"The validity of veterinary medicine.","volume":"7","author":"Xie","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref25","series-title":"J Altern Complement Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.1995.1.257","article-title":"Electroacupuncture reduces morphine-induced emesis in ferrets: a pilot study.","volume":"1","author":"Lao","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref26","series-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R401","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00344.2004","article-title":"Effects of acupuncture on vasopressin-induced emesis in conscious dogs.","volume":"288","author":"Tatewaki","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref27","series-title":"Gastroenterology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2003.50048","article-title":"Gastric electrical stimulation with short pulses reduces vomiting but not dysrhythmias in dogs.","volume":"124","author":"Chen","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref28","series-title":"Korean J Vet Res","first-page":"399","article-title":"The anti-emetic effect of acupuncture and aqua-acupuncture at PC-6 and BL-21 on the emesis by xylazine in dogs.","volume":"45","author":"Kim","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref29","series-title":"J Clin (Seoul)","first-page":"202","article-title":"The anti-emetic effect of needling acupuncture, aquapuncture and moxibustion at BL-21 and CV-12 in xylazine induced vomiting of dogs.","volume":"22","author":"Kim","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref30","series-title":"Korean J Vet Res","first-page":"297","article-title":"The anti-emetic effect of needling acupuncture, aquapuncture and moxibustion at BL-20 and LIV-13 on the xylazine induced emesis in dogs.","volume":"45","author":"Yoon","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref31","series-title":"J Gastroenterol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-006-1773-6","article-title":"Acupuncture for functional gastrointestinal disorders.","volume":"41","author":"Takahashi","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref32","series-title":"Am J Gastroenterol","first-page":"1372","article-title":"The effect of acupuncture on gastrointestinal function and disorders.","volume":"87","author":"Li","year":"1992"},{"key":"ref33","series-title":"Xie's veterinary acupuncture.","author":"Xie","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref34","series-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev","first-page":"CD002285","article-title":"Acupuncture-point stimulation for chemotherapy-induced nausea or vomiting.","author":"Ezzo","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref35","series-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev","first-page":"CD003281","article-title":"Stimulation of the wrist acupuncture point P6 for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting.","author":"Lee","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref36","series-title":"Chin J Integr Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/s11655-010-0070-7","article-title":"Clinical efficacy of acupuncture on the morphine-related side effects in patients undergoing spinalepidural anesthesia and analgesia.","volume":"16","author":"Jiang","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref37","series-title":"Anesthesiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200208000-00012","article-title":"P6 acupoint injections are as effective as droperidol in controlling early postoperative nausea and vomiting in children.","volume":"97","author":"Wang","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref38","series-title":"JAMA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2755","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.21.2755","article-title":"Electroacupuncture for control of myeloablative chemotherapy-induced emesis: a randomized controlled trial.","volume":"284","author":"Shen","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref39","series-title":"Lumb and Jones' veterinary anesthesia.","first-page":"705","article-title":"Dogs and cats.","author":"Bednarski","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref40","series-title":"Strombeck's small animal gastroenterology.","first-page":"256","article-title":"Vomiting: pathophysiology and pharmacology control","author":"Guilford","year":"1996"},{"key":"ref41","series-title":"Canine Pract","first-page":"10","article-title":"Development and validation of a body condition score system for dogs.","volume":"22","author":"Laflamme","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref42","series-title":"Mamm Genome","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1007\/s00335-001-3011-0","article-title":"Canine TCOF1; cloning, chromosome assignment and genetic analysis in dogs with different head types.","volume":"12","author":"Haworth","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref43","series-title":"Veterinary anaesthesia.","first-page":"385","article-title":"Anaesthesia of the dog.","author":"Hall","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref44","series-title":"Anesth Analg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000130355.91214.9E","article-title":"A randomized controlled comparison of electro-acupoint stimulation or ondansetron versus placebo for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting.","volume":"99","author":"Gan","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref45","series-title":"Chin J Integr Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1007\/s11655-008-0094-4","article-title":"Evaluation of transcutaneous electroacupoint stimulation with the train-of-four mode for preventing nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref46","series-title":"Am J Trad Chin Vet Med","first-page":"37","article-title":"Acupuncture for the treatment of spinal cord injuries.","volume":"6","author":"Tangjitjaroen","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref47","series-title":"Acupunct Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1136\/aim.18.1.10","article-title":"The cun measurement system: an investigation into its suitability in current practice.","volume":"18","author":"Coyle","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref48","series-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.2008.00990.x","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of maropitant, a selective neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist, in two randomized clinical trials for prevention of vomiting due to motion sickness in dogs.","volume":"31","author":"Conder","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref49","series-title":"Vet Rec","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.161.13.444","article-title":"Efficacy of maropitant for preventing vomiting associated with motion sickness in dogs.","volume":"161","author":"Benchaoui","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref50","series-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.2008.00952.x","article-title":"Safety, pharmacokinetics and use of the novel NK-1 receptor antagonist maropitant (Cerenia) for the prevention of emesis and motion sickness in cats.","volume":"31","author":"Hickman","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref51","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2001.218.1101","article-title":"Effects of hydromorphone or oxymorphone, with or without acepromazine, on preanesthetic sedation, physiologic values, and histamine release in dogs.","volume":"218","author":"Smith","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref52","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.237.12.1431","article-title":"A comparison of acepromazine-buprenorphine and medetomidine-buprenorphine for preanesthetic medication of dogs.","volume":"237","author":"Grint","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref53","series-title":"Vet Ther","first-page":"93","article-title":"Effect of refrigeration of the antiemetic Cerenia (maropitant) on pain on injection.","volume":"10","author":"Narishetty","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref54","series-title":"Eur J Pharmacol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(86)90760-0","article-title":"Emetic and antiemetic effects of opioids in the dog.","volume":"128","author":"Blancquaert","year":"1986"},{"key":"ref55","series-title":"N Z Vet J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.2011.641156","article-title":"Effects of tramadol, morphine or their combination in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy on peri-operative electroencephalographic responses and post-operative pain.","volume":"60","author":"Kongara","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref56","series-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-3057(02)01069-9","article-title":"The effect of electroacupuncture as an adjunct on cyclophosphamide-induced emesis in ferrets.","volume":"74","author":"Lao","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref57","series-title":"Brain Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2007.06.048","article-title":"Central effects of morphine on GI motility in conscious dogs.","volume":"1166","author":"Takahashi","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref58","series-title":"Support Care Cancer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1007\/s005200000183","article-title":"Hydromorphone: pharmacology and clinical applications in cancer patients.","volume":"9","author":"Sarhill","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref59","series-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.2007.00877.x","article-title":"The pharmacokinetics of maropitant, a novel neurokinin type-1 receptor antagonist, in dogs.","volume":"30","author":"Benchaoui","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref60","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2006.00321.x","article-title":"The anti-emetic efficacy of maropitant (Cerenia) in the treatment of ongoing emesis caused by a wide range of underlying clinical aetiologies in canine patients in Europe.","volume":"48","author":"de la Puente-Redondo","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref61","series-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.2008.00992.x","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of injectable and oral maropitant, a selective neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist, in a randomized clinical trial for treatment of vomiting in dogs.","volume":"31","author":"Ramsey","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref62","series-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2004.02196.x","article-title":"Review article: therapeutic roles of acupuncture in functional gastrointestinal disorders.","volume":"20","author":"Ouyang","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref63","series-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Sin","first-page":"11","article-title":"Effect of BL-10 (tianzhu), BL-11 (dazhu) and GB-34 (yanglinquan) acuplaster for prevention of vomiting after strabismus surgery in children.","volume":"36","author":"Chu","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref64","series-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R465","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00271.2010","article-title":"Electroacupuncture improves rectal distension-induced delay in solid gastric emptying in dogs.","volume":"301","author":"Yin","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref65","series-title":"Complement Ther Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/S0965-2299(03)00124-9","article-title":"Sham interventions in randomized clinical trials of acupuncture\u2014a review.","volume":"11","author":"Dincer","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref66","series-title":"Acta Cir Bras","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-86502011000500004","article-title":"Electroacupuncture versus morphine for the postoperative control pain in dogs.","volume":"26","author":"Gakiya","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref67","series-title":"Dig Dis Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026645931867","article-title":"Effects of electroacupuncture on gastric migrating myoelectrical complex in dogs.","volume":"44","author":"Qian","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref68","series-title":"Am J Gastroenterol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2012.53","article-title":"Influence of acupuncture treatment on cerebral activity in functional dyspepsia patients and its relationship with efficacy.","volume":"107","author":"Zeng","year":"2012"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"ref69","series-title":"Br J Anaesth","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2S","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/69.supplement_1.2S","article-title":"Physiology of nausea and vomiting.","volume":"69","author":"Andrews","year":"1992"},{"key":"ref70","series-title":"Textbook of veterinary internal medicine.","first-page":"117","article-title":"Vomiting.","volume":"1","author":"Twedt","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref71","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2009.00820.x","article-title":"Emesis in dogs: a review.","volume":"51","author":"Elwood","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref72","series-title":"Anesth Analg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199909000-00022","article-title":"Which clinical anesthesia outcomes are important to avoid? The perspective of patients.","volume":"89","author":"Macario","year":"1999"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/244\/7\/javma.244.7.820.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/244\/7\/javma.244.7.820.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/244\/7\/javma.244.7.820.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T11:43:48Z","timestamp":1741347828000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/244\/7\/javma.244.7.820.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.244.7.820","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1488"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1488","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]}}}