{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T19:55:09Z","timestamp":1793130909145,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To describe the technical aspects and clinical outcome of endoscopic- and fluoroscopic-guided ureteropelvic lavage and ureteral stent placement for treatment of obstructive pyonephrosis in dogs.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Retrospective case series.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201413 client-owned dogs (14 obstructed ureters).<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Procedures<\/jats:bold>\u2014All patients with obstructive pyonephrosis were treated with a ureteral stent. Medical records were reviewed for history, clinical signs, pre- and postprocedural clinical and imaging data, and short- and long-term outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u201413 dogs (14 ureters) had unilateral or bilateral ureteral obstructions and pyonephrosis due to ureterolithiasis (n = 13) or a suspected ureteral stricture (1). Eleven dogs had positive results of bacteriologic culture of urine obtained from the bladder, renal pelvis, or both. Ten were thrombocytopenic, and 8 were azotemic. Stents were placed fluoroscopically with endoscopic (n = 11) or surgical (3) assistance. Median hospitalization time was 48 hours (range, 6 to 260 hours). Median follow-up time was 480 days (range, 2 to 1,460 days). Intraoperative complications occurred in 2 patients (stent occlusion from shearing of a guide wire, and wire penetration of the ureter at the location of a stone). Short-term complications included a bladder hematoma (n = 1) and transient dysuria (1). Long-term complications included stent encrustation (n = 1), stent migration (1), and tissue proliferation at the ureterovesicular junction (5), which had no clinical implications. Recurrent urinary tract infections were documented in 7 dogs.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Ureteral stenting was a successful renal-sparing treatment for obstructive pyonephrosis in dogs and could often be performed in a minimally invasive manner. There were few major complications. This technique may be considered as an effective treatment option for this condition in dogs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.246.2.216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,2]],"date-time":"2015-01-02T15:14:07Z","timestamp":1420211647000},"page":"216-225","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Double pigtail ureteral stenting and renal pelvic lavage for renal-sparing treatment of obstructive pyonephrosis in dogs: 13 cases (2008\u20132012)"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"246","author":[{"given":"Jodi A.","family":"Kuntz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allyson C.","family":"Berent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chick W.","family":"Weisse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Demetrius H.","family":"Bagley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(00)50040-0","article-title":"Surgical emergencies of the urinary tract","volume":"30","author":"McLoughlin","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Textbook of small animal surgery","first-page":"1619","article-title":"Ureters","author":"McLoughlin","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","first-page":"29","article-title":"Urolithiasis in dogs. 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