{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T18:16:50Z","timestamp":1784830610518,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Case Description<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014An approximately 5-year-old sexually intact male alpaca was evaluated because of a right-sided maxillary mass that had recurred after previous surgical debulking.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Clinical Findings<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014Clinical, radiographic, and CT examination revealed an approximately 1.5-cm-diameter soft tissue mass associated with expansile osteolysis of the maxillary alveolar bone, beginning at the level of the right maxillary third premolar tooth extending caudally to the level of the rostral roots of the second molar tooth.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Treatment and Outcome<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014Right partial maxillectomy was performed, and histologic examination revealed an incompletely excised fibrosarcoma with osseous metaplasia. External beam radiation therapy to the tumor bed was initiated 1 month after surgery. Computerized planning was performed, and a total radiation dose of 48 Gy was prescribed in eleven 4.4-Gy fractions. Follow-up CT evaluations 6 and 58 weeks after radiation therapy was completed revealed no evidence of tumor recurrence. No clinical evidence of tumor recurrence was detected through 110 weeks after radiation therapy.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014The oral fibrosarcoma in the alpaca described here was successfully treated with surgical excision and adjuvant radiation therapy, resulting in excellent quality of life of the treated animal.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.246.6.674","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,26]],"date-time":"2015-02-26T12:39:50Z","timestamp":1424954390000},"page":"674-680","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Treatment of a maxillary fibrosarcoma in an adult alpaca"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"246","author":[{"given":"Mary Lynn","family":"Higginbotham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dudley L.","family":"McCaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David E.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jimmy C.","family":"Lattimer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Armbrust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gordon A.","family":"Andrews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brandon D.","family":"McBride","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound","first-page":"475","article-title":"Toxicity criteria of the veterinary radiation therapy oncology group","volume":"45","author":"Ladue","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870701900213","article-title":"Prevalence of neoplasia in llamas and alpacas (Oregon State University, 2001\u20132006)","volume":"19","author":"Valentine","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"159","article-title":"Orthovoltage radiotherapy of oral fibrosarcomas in dogs","volume":"179","author":"Thrall","year":"1981"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"785","article-title":"Analysis of prognostic factors and patterns of failure in dogs with periodontal tumors treated with megavoltage irradiation","volume":"210","author":"Th\u00e9on","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2000.tb02279.x","article-title":"Postoperative radiation therapy for canine soft tissue sarcoma","volume":"14","author":"Forrest","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2009.02.001","article-title":"Chemical restraint, anesthesia, and analgesia for camelids","volume":"25","author":"Abrahamsen","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"Radiobiology for the radiologist.","first-page":"391","article-title":"Time, dose, and fractionation in radiotherapy","author":"Hall","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2005.tb02694.x","article-title":"Radiation therapy for the treatment of urethral sarcoma in a cria","volume":"19","author":"Gustafson","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2005.00013.x","article-title":"Acanthomatous ameloblastoma of the maxilla of an adult alpaca","volume":"46","author":"Britt","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound","first-page":"475","article-title":"Toxicity criteria of the veterinary radiation therapy oncology group","volume":"45","author":"Ladue","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870701900213","article-title":"Prevalence of neoplasia in llamas and alpacas (Oregon State University, 2001\u20132006)","volume":"19","author":"Valentine","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"159","article-title":"Orthovoltage radiotherapy of oral fibrosarcomas in dogs","volume":"179","author":"Thrall","year":"1981"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"785","article-title":"Analysis of prognostic factors and patterns of failure in dogs with periodontal tumors treated with megavoltage irradiation","volume":"210","author":"Th\u00e9on","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2000.tb02279.x","article-title":"Postoperative radiation therapy for canine soft tissue sarcoma","volume":"14","author":"Forrest","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2009.02.001","article-title":"Chemical restraint, anesthesia, and analgesia for camelids","volume":"25","author":"Abrahamsen","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"Radiobiology for the radiologist.","first-page":"391","article-title":"Time, dose, and fractionation in radiotherapy","author":"Hall","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2005.tb02694.x","article-title":"Radiation therapy for the treatment of urethral sarcoma in a cria","volume":"19","author":"Gustafson","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2005.00013.x","article-title":"Acanthomatous ameloblastoma of the maxilla of an adult alpaca","volume":"46","author":"Britt","year":"2005"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/246\/6\/javma.246.6.674.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/246\/6\/javma.246.6.674.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/246\/6\/javma.246.6.674.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T20:08:47Z","timestamp":1775765327000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/246\/6\/javma.246.6.674.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,15]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.246.6.674","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1488"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1488","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,15]]}}}