{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T21:15:30Z","timestamp":1780434930095,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To compare the use of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, xylazine hydrochloride, and hydrogen peroxide for emesis induction in cats.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Retrospective case series.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201443 client-owned cats for which emesis induction was attempted because of known or suspected toxicant ingestion or recent ingestion of a string foreign body.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Procedures<\/jats:bold>\u2014Data collected from the cats\u2019 medical records included type, dose, and route of administration of emetic agent; outcome of attempted emesis induction; time until emesis or postemesis administration of a reversal agent (to counter sedative effects of the emetic agent); and adverse events.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Emesis induction was attempted by oral administration of hydrogen peroxide (n = 3) or IM or IV administration of xylazine (25 [including 1 cat that had already received hydrogen peroxide]) or dexmedetomidine (16). No cat that received hydrogen peroxide vomited. Emesis was induced in 11 of 25 xylazine-treated cats and in 13 of 16 dexmedetomidine-treated cats. Dexmedetomidine was more likely to cause vomiting than xylazine (OR, 5.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 36). The median dose of dexmedetomidine that caused emesis was 7. 0 \u03bcg\/kg (3.2 \u03bcg\/lb; range, 0.96 to 10.0 \u03bcg\/kg [0.44 to 4.55 \u03bcg\/lb]). The elapsed time until emesis or postemesis reversal agent administration was recorded for 5 xylazine-treated cats (median interval, 10 minutes [range, 5 to 175 minutes]) and 10 dexmedetomidine-treated cats (median interval, 5 minutes [range, 1 to 12 minutes]). Sedation was the only adverse effect, occurring in 2 xylazine-treated cats and 1 dexmedetomidine-treated cat.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Results indicated that dexmedetomidine can be used successfully to induce emesis in cats.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.247.12.1415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,7]],"date-time":"2015-12-07T18:56:13Z","timestamp":1449514573000},"page":"1415-1418","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Assessment of dexmedetomidine and other agents for emesis induction in cats: 43 cases (2009\u20132014)"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"247","author":[{"given":"Vincent J.","family":"Thawley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth 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Analg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2005.00259.x","article-title":"Evaluation of the clinical efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine or medetomidine in cats and their reversal with atipamezole","volume":"33","author":"Granholm","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"56","article-title":"Thread and sewing needles as gastrointestinal foreign bodies in the cat: a review of 64 cases","volume":"184","author":"Felts","year":"1984"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"Vet Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1987.tb00925.x","article-title":"Conservative versus surgical management of gastrointestinal linear foreign bodies in the cat","volume":"16","author":"Basher","year":"1987"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"Blackwell's five-minute veterinary consult clinical companion: small animal toxicology","first-page":"5","article-title":"Decontamination and detoxification of the poisoned patient","author":"Lee","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"Vet Med Small Anim Clin","first-page":"236","article-title":"Clinical use of xylazine in dogs and cats","volume":"68","author":"Moye","year":"1973"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"Vet Rec","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.157.5.139","article-title":"Comparison of xylazine and medetomidine as premedicants for cats being anaesthetized with propofol-sevoflurane","volume":"157","author":"Selmi","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref17","series-title":"J Toxicol Clin Toxicol","first-page":"133","volume":"42","year":"2004"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical 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