{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:54:31Z","timestamp":1787025271976,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:bold>\n                    To determine short- and long-term outcomes and complications of dogs undergoing surgical correction of grade IV medial patellar luxation (MPL).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>DESIGN<\/jats:bold>\n                    Retrospective case series.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>ANIMALS<\/jats:bold>\n                    24 dogs (29 stifle joints) that underwent surgical correction of grade IV MPL between March 2008 and April 2014.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>PROCEDURES<\/jats:bold>\n                    Medical records of all dogs were reviewed. When available, long-term follow-up information was obtained for each dog via the orthopedic surgeon (results of orthopedic examination and radiographic interpretation) and the dog's owner (responses to a questionnaire regarding postsurgical outcomes). Types of postsurgical complications and intervals to follow-up data collection were recorded. Recurrence of MPL was recorded separately. Successful outcome was defined as one without catastrophic complication, with owner-reported full or acceptable return to function and a surgeon- and owner-assigned pain or lameness score &lt; 3.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>RESULTS<\/jats:bold>\n                    24% (7\/29) of stifle joints had major complications, and 21% (6) of joints required surgical revision. Grade II to IV recurrence of MPL was identified in 21% (6) of stifle joints. One dog had a catastrophic complication requiring limb amputation. For all other dogs, owner-reported return to function was full or acceptable. Surgeon-assigned pain and lameness scores for all dogs at the final follow-up evaluation were &lt; 2\/5 (0 = pain or lameness free). Surgical correction of grade IV MPL had an overall success rate of 93% (27\/29).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:bold>\n                    Surgical correction of grade IV MPL in dogs had a favorable overall success rate; however, owners should be counseled regarding the high rate of complications associated with surgery.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.249.2.208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,5]],"date-time":"2016-07-05T14:32:59Z","timestamp":1467729179000},"page":"208-213","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Outcomes and complications following surgical correction of grade IV medial patellar luxation in dogs: 24 cases (2008\u20132014)"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"249","author":[{"given":"Anna E.","family":"Dunlap","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stanley E.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel D.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott A.","family":"Christopher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Pozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(93)50087-6","article-title":"Canine patellar luxation","volume":"23","author":"Roush","year":"1993"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"J Small Anim 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