{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T23:41:23Z","timestamp":1792453283635,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Rabies vaccine failures in domestic animals can have severe public health consequences and are not consistently publicized. This study describes trends in rabies vaccine failures among dogs and cats in the US reported to the CDC\u2019s National Rabies Surveillance System between 2002 and 2022 to characterize the efficacy of rabies vaccines and evaluate the economic and public health burdens of nonvaccination. Thirty-nine of 1,525 rabid dogs (2.56%) and 30 of 5,530 rabid cats (0.54%) were documented as having a history of rabies vaccination, and 15 true vaccine failures (11 dogs and 4 cats) were identified among these during the study period. Dogs and cats with up-to-date vaccination were 130.8 and 93.6 times less likely, respectively, to contract rabies than nonvaccinated counterparts. Current rabies vaccination practices will likely prevent $166 million in public health\u2013 and healthcare-related costs over the following 10 years; high rates of rabies vaccination in dogs and cats in the US greatly reduce medical costs for the human health sector. Effective coordination between local and national surveillance is essential for assessing epidemiological patterns in animal rabies cases, including vaccination failures. The companion Currents in One Health by Payette-Stroman et al, <jats:italic>AJVR<\/jats:italic>, October 2025, addresses patterns of domestic rabies burden in livestock. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.25.01.0036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T17:23:26Z","timestamp":1754069006000},"page":"1213-1222","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Vaccination protects animal and human health and reduces the economic burden of preventable cases: rabies in vaccinated dogs and cats (2002\u20132022)"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"263","author":[{"given":"Mei","family":"Nathan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA"},{"name":"Epidemiology Elective Program, National Center for State, Tribal, Local, and Territorial Public Health Infrastructure and Workforce, CDC, Atlanta, GA"},{"name":"Poxvirus and Rabies Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, GA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cassandra","family":"Boutelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poxvirus and Rabies Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, GA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6030-3930","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yasmeen","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poxvirus and Rabies Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, GA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan M.","family":"Wallace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poxvirus and Rabies Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, GA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Bonaparte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poxvirus and Rabies Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, GA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"9951","key":"ref1","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"1389","article-title":"Current status of rabies and prospects for elimination","volume":"384","author":"Fooks AR","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fooks AR, Banyard AC, Horton DL, Johnson N, Mcelhinney LM, Jackson AC. 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