{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T09:43:53Z","timestamp":1775555033129,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The purpose of this study was to evaluate surgical, short-term, and long-term outcomes of cattle undergoing ventral midline cesarean sections (C-sections).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>42 cattle met the inclusion criteria. Criteria included cattle undergoing a ventral midline C-section between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2022.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Clinical Presentation<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Cattle presented for clinical signs of dystocia or evaluation of a suspected mummified fetus. Both heifers and cows were included in the study, ranging in age between 2 and 11 years old.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Reasons for C-section included dystocia (83% [35 of 42]), suspected mummified fetus (10% [4 of 42]), and unspecified (7% [3 of 42]). Complications were reported in 28.5% (12 of 42) of cases. A positive surgical outcome was defined as survival to discharge and reported in 83% (35 of 42) of cases. Follow-up was attempted in cases surviving to discharge, with 36% (15 of 42) participation. Short-term survival, defined as alive 2 weeks postoperatively, and long-term survival, defined as alive 1 year postoperatively, was noted in 86% (13 of 15) of cases. Postoperative reproduction was attempted in 69% (9 of 13) of cases. One became pregnant and carried a calf to term after being bull bred. Flushing for oocytes resulted in a live calf from a recipient in 66% (2 of 3) of cases. Most clients said they would have the procedure performed again.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Bovine C-section via ventral midline approach has a favorable surgical outcome. Although follow-up represented just over one-third of cases, short- and long-term survival was also favorable. Long-term follow-up demonstrated that the prognosis for carrying pregnancy to term is poor; however, preserving genetic lineage is possible through transfer of oocytes to recipients.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.25.01.0053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]],"date-time":"2025-06-20T11:57:41Z","timestamp":1750420661000},"page":"1296-1302","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Case series of cattle undergoing cesarean section through a ventral midline approach shows potential favorable short- and long-term survival rates (2013\u20132022)"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"263","author":[{"given":"Claire J.","family":"Kenyon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph W.","family":"Lozier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brianna A.","family":"Jordan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle K.","family":"Carman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Madison R.","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia A.","family":"Horton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffery","family":"Lakritz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2143-0416","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Niehaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"ref1","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract","first-page":"511","article-title":"Management and prevention of dystocia","volume":"32","author":"Funnell BJ","year":"2016","unstructured":"Funnell BJ, Hilton WM. 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