{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T20:34:21Z","timestamp":1771014861519,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare clinical early incisional healing outcomes of tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) incision closures with the use of reverse cutting (FS) or taper point (SH) needles for intradermal closure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A prospective observational study was performed. Healthy canine patients presenting for routine unilateral TPLO at a single hospital were prospectively enrolled between October 2023 and January 2025. Incisions were closed in a routine fashion with a buried continuous intradermal pattern, with each patient randomly assigned an SH or FS needle for the intradermal closure. General patient data were collected, and incisions were formally assessed in hospital via a semiquantitative scoring system at 18 to 24 hours and 10 to 14 days postoperatively. Scoring was performed with the primary observer blinded to the needle type.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 96 patients were assessed, with 49 assigned SH needles and 47 assigned FS needles. Incisions closed with FS needles had significantly higher total scores and erythema scores at 18 to 24 hours postoperatively. There were no significant differences in scores between needle groups at 10 to 14 days postoperatively. Minor complications were reported for 14 patients at the 10- to 14-day postoperative period. No other complications were reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intradermal skin closures for TPLOs with the use of an FS needle may have greater inflammation in the immediate postoperative period than those closed with an SH needle. This is unlikely to affect overall healing in the short term.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>FS or SH needles are appropriate for skin closed in a buried continuous intradermal pattern; however, FS needles may create greater immediate postoperative inflammation than SH needles.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.25.07.0479","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T17:28:34Z","timestamp":1761154114000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Taper suture needles are noninferior to reverse cutting needles for intradermal skin closures in tibial plateau leveling osteotomies"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"264","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3486-0518","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Joshua G.","family":"Becker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Metropolitan Veterinary Associates, Norristown, PA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5137-5660","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dominique","family":"Sawyere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metropolitan Veterinary Associates, Norristown, PA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Timothy M.","family":"Schwab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metropolitan Veterinary Associates, Norristown, PA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Litterine-Kaufman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metropolitan Veterinary Associates, Norristown, PA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Veterinary Surgery: Small Animal","first-page":"210","author":"Schmiedt CW","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schmiedt CW, Tobias KM, Johnston SA. 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J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2015;247(3):260-266. doi:10.2460\/javma.247.3.260"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref16","series-title":"Can Vet J","first-page":"1281","article-title":"Comparison of surgical time and complication rate of subcutaneous and skin closure using barbed suture or traditional knotted suture in dogs","volume":"58","author":"Nutt LK","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nutt LK, Wilson ML, Sakals S. Comparison of surgical time and complication rate of subcutaneous and skin closure using barbed suture or traditional knotted suture in dogs. Can Vet J. 2017;58(12):1281-1286."},{"issue":"8","key":"ref17","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"1399","article-title":"Ex vivo comparison of intradermal closures with conventional monofilament suture vs unidirectional barbed suture in dogs","volume":"48","author":"Regier PJ","year":"2019","unstructured":"Regier PJ, Smeak DD, McGilvray KC. Ex vivo comparison of intradermal closures with conventional monofilament suture vs unidirectional barbed suture in dogs. Vet Surg. 2019;48(8):1399-1405. doi:10.1111\/vsu.13271"},{"key":"ref18","series-title":"Top Companion Anim Med","first-page":"100454","article-title":"Comparison of continuous intradermal with simple interrupted suture pattern: an experimental study in dogs","volume":"41","author":"Gouletsou PG","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gouletsou PG, Prassinos NN, Papazoglou LG, Kostoulas P, Galatos AD. Comparison of continuous intradermal with simple interrupted suture pattern: an experimental study in dogs. 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Can Vet J. 2010;51(7):770-772."},{"issue":"3","key":"ref21","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"552","article-title":"Impact of suture materials polydioxanone and poliglecaprone 25 on non-infected clean orthopedic stifle procedure incisional dehiscence rates","volume":"54","author":"Caiazzo MN","year":"2025","unstructured":"Caiazzo MN, Cortina BL, Terreros A, Daye RM. Impact of suture materials polydioxanone and poliglecaprone 25 on non-infected clean orthopedic stifle procedure incisional dehiscence rates. Vet Surg. 2025;54(3):552-560. doi:10.1111\/vsu.14224"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref22","series-title":"J Feline Med Surg","first-page":"168","article-title":"Prospective comparison of perioperative wound and pain score parameters in cats undergoing flank vs midline ovariectomy","volume":"22","author":"Swaffield MJ","year":"2020","unstructured":"Swaffield MJ, Molloy SL, Lipscomb VJ. 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J Hand Surg Am. 2010;35(3):486-488. doi:10.1016\/j.jhsa.2009.10.036"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref7","series-title":"J Vet Dent","first-page":"204","article-title":"Suture material and needle options in oral and periodontal surgery","volume":"31","author":"Domnick ED","year":"2014","unstructured":"Domnick ED. Suture material and needle options in oral and periodontal surgery. J Vet Dent. 2014;31(3):204-211. doi:10.1177\/089875641403100313"},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"ref8","series-title":"Aesthet Surg J","first-page":"S73","article-title":"The surgical needle","volume":"39","author":"Byrne M","year":"2019","unstructured":"Byrne M, Aly A. The surgical needle. Aesthet Surg J. 2019;39(suppl 2):S73-S77. doi:10.1093\/asj\/sjz035"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref9","series-title":"Dermatol Surg","first-page":"144","article-title":"Comparative analysis of taper point and reverse cutting needles on skin puncture force","volume":"51","author":"Maloney ME","year":"2025","unstructured":"Maloney ME, Potter CT, Chun BD, Montilla RD, Schanbacher CF. Comparative analysis of taper point and reverse cutting needles on skin puncture force. Dermatol Surg. 2025;51(2):144-147. doi:10.1097\/DSS.0000000000004401"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref10","series-title":"Dermatol Surg","first-page":"148","article-title":"Impact of needle design and suture gauge on tissue tearing during skin suturing: a comparative analysis","volume":"51","author":"Potter CT","year":"2025","unstructured":"Potter CT, Maloney ME, Riopelle AM, Fudem GM, Schanbacher CF. Impact of needle design and suture gauge on tissue tearing during skin suturing: a comparative analysis. Dermatol Surg. 2025;51(2):148-151. doi:10.1097\/DSS.0000000000004389"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref11","series-title":"J Dermatol Surg Oncol","first-page":"785","article-title":"A review of sutures and suturing techniques","volume":"18","author":"Moy RL","year":"1992","unstructured":"Moy RL, Waldman B, Hein DW. A review of sutures and suturing techniques. J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1992;18(9):785-795. doi:10.1111\/j.1524-4725.1992.tb03036.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref12","series-title":"Vet Evid","article-title":"Evaluation of cosmetic results of surgical wound closure in dogs","volume":"3","author":"Williams R","year":"2018","unstructured":"Williams R, Gordon-Evans W, Biskup J, Griffon D. Evaluation of cosmetic results of surgical wound closure in dogs. Vet Evid. 2018;3(1). doi:10.18849\/ve.v3i1.123"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref13","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"751","article-title":"Single layer, simple continuous suture pattern for closure of abdominal incisions","volume":"21","author":"Rosin E","year":"1985","unstructured":"Rosin E. Single layer, simple continuous suture pattern for closure of abdominal incisions. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1985;21(6):751-756."},{"issue":"1","key":"ref14","series-title":"Vet Q","first-page":"20","article-title":"Comparison of two suture materials for intradermal skin closure in dogs","volume":"19","author":"Kirpensteijn J","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kirpensteijn J, Maarschalkerweerd RJ, Koeman JP, Kooistra HS, van Sluijs FJ. Comparison of two suture materials for intradermal skin closure in dogs. Vet Q. 1997;19(1):20-22. doi:10.1080\/01652176.1997.9694732"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref15","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"260","article-title":"Comparison of volume, security, and biomechanical strength of square and Aberdeen termination knots tied with 4-0 polyglyconate and used for termination of intradermal closures in canine cadavers","volume":"247","author":"Regier PJ","year":"2015","unstructured":"Regier PJ, Smeak DD, Coleman K, McGilvray KC. Comparison of volume, security, and biomechanical strength of square and Aberdeen termination knots tied with 4-0 polyglyconate and used for termination of intradermal closures in canine cadavers. 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