{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:54:06Z","timestamp":1787025246393,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To demonstrate that a single dose of enflicoxib is noninferior to daily carprofen for the control of pain and inflammation in dogs undergoing soft tissue surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A prospective, multisite, blinded, randomized, controlled, parallel-group, noninferiority field study was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of enflicoxib in the control of pain and inflammation associated with soft tissue surgery. Two hundred fifteen dogs were randomized to receive 8 mg\/kg of enflicoxib PO the day before surgery or 4 mg\/kg of carprofen SC at induction and PO daily for 5 days. Veterinarians assessed efficacy with the short form of the Glasgow Composite Pain Scale (SF-GCPS) at 2, 5, 8, and 24 hours and 2, 3, and 5 days after surgery. The visual analog scale was used to assess inflammation. Demeanor, analgesia, and mobility were assessed daily by the owners.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Enflicoxib was noninferior to carprofen in the SF-GCPS area under the curve for the first 48 hours. Inflammation and SF-GCPS total scores were within the clinically relevant margin at each time point. No differences were observed in inflammation or in the owner assessment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Enflicoxib administered 24 hours before surgery is safe and efficacious for the control of postoperative pain associated with soft tissue surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A single preoperative dose of enflicoxib is an alternative for postoperative management in dogs undergoing soft tissue surgery, offering a simplified treatment regimen without compromising outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.25.08.0519","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T17:28:36Z","timestamp":1761154116000},"page":"288-296","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Efficacy of enflicoxib for postoperative pain and inflammation in soft tissue surgery in dogs: a multicenter and randomized clinical field trial"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"264","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2456-0726","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marta","family":"Salichs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecuphar Veterinaria SLU, Animalcare Group, Sant Cugat del Vall\u00e8s, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7574-9911","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Anabel","family":"Blasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servei d\u2019Estad\u00edstica Aplicada, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9653-7421","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lloren\u00e7","family":"Badiella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament de Matem\u00e0tiques, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vall\u00e8s, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0224-6747","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Cristina","family":"Costa-Farr\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina y Cirug\u00eda Animales, Facultat de Veterin\u00e0ria, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Travessera dels Turons, Cerdanyola del Vall\u00e9s, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Veterinari Montjuic, Vetpartners Espa\u00f1a, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5440-7699","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Josep","family":"Homedes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecuphar Veterinaria SLU, Animalcare Group, Sant Cugat del Vall\u00e8s, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"ref1","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"177","article-title":"2022 WSAVA guidelines for the recognition, assessment and treatment of pain","volume":"64","author":"Monteiro BP","year":"2022","unstructured":"Monteiro BP, Lascelles BDX, Murrell J, Robertson S, Steagall PVM, Wright B. 2022 WSAVA guidelines for the recognition, assessment and treatment of pain. 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Assessment of enflicoxib efficacy in the control of postoperative pain and inflammation in dogs undergoing orthopaedic surgery. A pilot randomised clinical trial. Res Vet Sci. 2025;193:105804. doi:10.1016\/j.rvsc.2025.105804"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"CVM GFI #85\u2014VICH GL9\u2014Good Clinical Practice","year":"2000","unstructured":"VICH International Cooperation on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Registration of Veterinary Medicinal Products. CVM GFI #85\u2014VICH GL9\u2014Good Clinical Practice. US FDA; 2000. FDA-1999-D-0754."},{"issue":"S1","key":"ref13","series-title":"Anim Welf","first-page":"97","article-title":"Development of the short-form Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale (CMPS-SF) and derivation of an analgesic intervention score","volume":"16","author":"Reid J","year":"2007","unstructured":"Reid J, Nolan AM, Hughes JM, Lascelles D, Pawson P, Scott EM. Development of the short-form Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale (CMPS-SF) and derivation of an analgesic intervention score. Anim Welf. 2007;16(S1):97-104. doi:10.1017\/S096272860003178X"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref14","series-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther","first-page":"355","article-title":"Addition of magnesium sulfate to intraperitoneal ropivacaine for perioperative analgesia in canine ovariohysterectomy","volume":"43","author":"Gomes DR","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gomes DR, Nic\u00e1cio IPGA, Cerazo LML, Dourado L, Teixeira-Neto FJ, Cassu RN. Addition of magnesium sulfate to intraperitoneal ropivacaine for perioperative analgesia in canine ovariohysterectomy. 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Assessment of enflicoxib efficacy in the control of postoperative pain and inflammation in dogs undergoing orthopaedic surgery. A pilot randomised clinical trial. Res Vet Sci. 2025;193:105804. doi:10.1016\/j.rvsc.2025.105804"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"CVM GFI #85\u2014VICH GL9\u2014Good Clinical Practice","year":"2000","unstructured":"VICH International Cooperation on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Registration of Veterinary Medicinal Products. CVM GFI #85\u2014VICH GL9\u2014Good Clinical Practice. US FDA; 2000. FDA-1999-D-0754."},{"issue":"S1","key":"ref13","series-title":"Anim Welf","first-page":"97","article-title":"Development of the short-form Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale (CMPS-SF) and derivation of an analgesic intervention score","volume":"16","author":"Reid J","year":"2007","unstructured":"Reid J, Nolan AM, Hughes JM, Lascelles D, Pawson P, Scott EM. 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