{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T23:10:37Z","timestamp":1782601837540,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>CASE DESCRIPTION<\/jats:bold> A 6-year-old spayed female Great Pyrenees (dog 1) and a 2-year-old spayed female German Shepherd Dog (dog 2) were evaluated because of gross hematuria of 5 and 2 months' duration, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>CLINICAL FINDINGS<\/jats:bold> In both dogs, coagulation times were within reference limits, results of aerobic bacterial culture of urine samples were negative, echogenic debris could be seen within the urinary bladder ultrasonographically, and hematuric urine could be seen exiting the right ureterovesicular junction, with grossly normal urine exiting the left ureterovesicular junction, during cystoscopy. A diagnosis of idiopathic renal hematuria was made in both dogs.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>TREATMENT AND OUTCOME<\/jats:bold> Both dogs underwent retrograde ureteropyelography, unilateral povidone iodine sclerotherapy, and ureteral stent placement. The right ureter was occluded with a ureteropelvic junction balloon catheter, and a 5% povidone iodine solution was infused into the renal pelvis 3 times. A double-pigtail ureteral stent was then placed. Both dogs recovered without complications, with cessation of gross hematuria within 12 hours. Cystoscopic removal of the ureteral stent was performed in dog 1 after 4 months; at that time, the urine sediment contained 5 to 10 RBCs\/hpf. In dog 2, urine sediment contained 50 to 75 RBCs\/hpf 2 weeks after sclerotherapy, with continued resolution of gross hematuria 8 weeks after sclerotherapy. The owners declined removal of the stent in dog 2.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:bold> Findings suggested that povidone iodine sclerotherapy may be an effective renal-sparing treatment for idiopathic renal hematuria in dogs. Further evaluation with longer follow-up times is warranted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.250.2.205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,6]],"date-time":"2017-01-06T13:24:50Z","timestamp":1483709090000},"page":"205-210","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Povidone iodine sclerotherapy for treatment of idiopathic renal hematuria in two dogs"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"250","author":[{"given":"Lauren B.","family":"Adelman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Bartges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline C.","family":"Whittemore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1556","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.242.11.1556","article-title":"Endoscopic-guided sclerotherapy for renal-sparing treatment of idiopathic renal hematuria in dogs: 6 cases (2010\u20132012)","volume":"242","author":"Berent","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"868","article-title":"Massive hematuria of nontraumatic renal origin in dogs","volume":"183","author":"Stone","year":"1983"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1987.tb03880.x","article-title":"Idiopathic renal haemorrhage in the dog","volume":"28","author":"Holt","year":"1987"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Textbook of veterinary internal medicine","first-page":"129","article-title":"Hematuria and dysuria","volume":"1","author":"Meyer","year":"1983"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet","first-page":"1317","article-title":"Benign essential hematuria in dogs","volume":"16","author":"Kaufman","year":"1994"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.5326\/15473317-34-6-511","article-title":"Recurrent urethral obstruction secondary to idiopathic renal hematuria in a puppy","volume":"34","author":"Hawthorne","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"J Vet Med Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.59.293","article-title":"Idiopathic renal hematuria in a dog: the usefulness of a method of partial occlusion of the renal artery","volume":"59","author":"Mishina","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet","first-page":"14","article-title":"Hematuria of renal origin","volume":"8","author":"Hitt","year":"1986"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"J Urol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)62762-9","article-title":"Ureteroscopic evaluation and treatment of chronic unilateral hematuria","volume":"160","author":"Tawfiek","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"J Urol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)40016-4","article-title":"Flexible ureteropyeloscopy in the diagnosis of benign essential hematuria","volume":"143","author":"Bagley","year":"1990"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"Urol Clin North Am","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-0143(03)00098-3","article-title":"Ureteroscopy of benign hematuria","volume":"31","author":"Dooley","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"Acta Chir Scand","first-page":"657","article-title":"Renal angioma. Four cases of renal angioma of the renal pelvis","volume":"126","author":"Hagen","year":"1963"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1371","article-title":"Idiopathic hematuria of unilateral renal origin in a dog","volume":"187","author":"Hitt","year":"1985"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"Mil Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/157.10.561","article-title":"Idiopathic renal hematuria in a military working dog","volume":"157","author":"Jennings","year":"1992"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"Vet Rec","first-page":"603","article-title":"Idiopathic renal hematuria in a dog","volume":"135","author":"Batamuzi","year":"1994"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"Can Vet J","first-page":"761","article-title":"Management of bilateral idiopathic renal hematuria in a dog with silver nitrate","volume":"54","author":"Di Cicco","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref17","series-title":"Urol Int","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1159\/000296287","article-title":"Silver nitrate sclerotherapy for chyluria: evaluation for the optimal instillation regime","volume":"85","author":"Dhabalia","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref18","series-title":"Br J Urol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.1992.tb15839.x","article-title":"Instillation of silver nitrate in the treatment of chyluria","volume":"70","author":"Sabnis","year":"1992"},{"key":"ref19","series-title":"Kaohsiung J Med Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/S1607-551X(09)70251-7","article-title":"Acute necrotizing ureteritis with obstructive uropathy following instillation of silver nitrate in chyluria: a case report","volume":"20","author":"Su","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref20","series-title":"Australas Radiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1673.1998.tb00502.x","article-title":"Arterial haemorrhage following instillation of silver nitrate in chyluria: treatment by coil embolization","volume":"42","author":"Srivastava","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref21","series-title":"BMJ Case Rep","first-page":"bcr2013201270","article-title":"Devastating complication of silver nitrate instillation for the treatment of chyluria","volume":"2013","author":"Garg","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref22","series-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfh790","article-title":"Fatal renal and hepatic failure following silver nitrate instillation for treatment of chyluria","volume":"20","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref23","series-title":"BJU Int","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2004.05108.x","article-title":"Is povidone iodine an alternative to silver nitrate for renal pelvic instillation sclerotherapy in chyluria?","volume":"94","author":"Goel","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref24","series-title":"Int Urol Nephrol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-013-0622-9","article-title":"Is single dose povidone iodine sclerotherapy effective in chyluria?","volume":"46","author":"Shrestha","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref25","series-title":"Int Braz J Urol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1590\/S1677-55382008000300003","article-title":"Fluoroscopy guided instillation therapy in chyluria using combination of povidone iodine with contrast agent. 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