{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T10:55:40Z","timestamp":1793444140042,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:bold>\n                    To test for an association between indwelling urethral catheter placement in cats with urethral obstruction (UO) and the short-term (30-day) risk of recurrent urethral obstruction (RUO).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>DESIGN<\/jats:bold>\n                    Prospective cohort study.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>ANIMALS<\/jats:bold>\n                    107 client-owned male cats with UO.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>PROCEDURES<\/jats:bold>\n                    Owners were offered standard care for their cats, including hospitalization, placement of an indwelling urethral catheter, IV fluid therapy, and other supportive treatments (inpatient group). One-time catheterization and outpatient care were offered (outpatient group) if standard care was declined. Data regarding signalment, measures of metabolic compromise and urinalysis findings at enrollment, catheterization-related variables, and supportive treatments of interest were collected. Risk of RUO \u2264 30 days after urethral catheter removal was determined for the outpatient vs inpatient group by OR and 95% confidence interval calculation. Other variables were compared between cats that did and did not develop RUO with Fisher exact and trend tests.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>RESULTS<\/jats:bold>\n                    91 cats completed the study; 19 (5\/46 [11%] inpatients and 14\/45 [31%] outpatients) developed RUO. Risk of RUO was significantly greater for cats of the outpatient group (OR, 3.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.2 to 11.4). Among inpatients, increasingly abnormal urine color at the time of catheter removal was significantly associated with RUO. No other significant associations were identified.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:bold>\n                    Hospitalization and indwelling catheterization significantly reduced the risk for RUO \u2264 30 days after treatment for the population studied. Results suggested that removal of an indwelling catheter before urine appears grossly normal may be associated with development of RUO. One-time catheterization with outpatient care was inferior to the standard care protocol but was successful in many cats and may be a reasonable alternative when clients cannot pursue standard care.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.252.12.1509","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,11]],"date-time":"2018-06-11T14:51:49Z","timestamp":1528728709000},"page":"1509-1520","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Evaluation for association between indwelling urethral catheter placement and risk of recurrent urethral obstruction in cats"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"252","author":[{"given":"Marc A.","family":"Seitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamie M.","family":"Burkitt-Creedon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth J.","family":"Drobatz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"J Vet Emerg Crit Care","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1534-6935.2003.00100.x","article-title":"Characterization of the clinical characteristics, electrolytes, acid-base, and renal parameters in male cats with urethral obstruction","volume":"13","author":"Lee","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(96)50206-8","article-title":"Pathophysiology of urethral obstruction","volume":"26","author":"Bartges","year":"1996"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"J Feline Med Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2007.06.007","article-title":"Guarded long-term prognosis in male cats with urethral obstruction","volume":"10","author":"Gerber","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"J Feline Med Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2010.10.006","article-title":"Urethral obstruction in cats: predisposing factors, clinical, clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis","volume":"13","author":"Segev","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"93","article-title":"Recurrence of feline urethral obstruction","volume":"174","author":"Bov\u00e9e","year":"1979"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.243.8.1140","article-title":"Evaluation of risk factors associated with recurrent obstruction in cats treated medically for urethral obstruction","volume":"243","author":"Eisenberg","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.243.4.512","article-title":"Initial treatment factors associated with feline urethral obstruction recurrence rates: 192 cases (2004\u20132010)","volume":"243","author":"Hetrick","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2013.03.013","article-title":"Management of urinary tract emergencies in small animals","volume":"43","author":"Balakrishnan","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(96)50079-3","article-title":"Medical management of feline urethral obstruction","volume":"26","author":"Osborne","year":"1996"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(96)50080-X","article-title":"Use and misuse of indwelling urethral catheters","volume":"26","author":"Lees","year":"1996"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.237.11.1261","article-title":"A protocol for managing urethral obstruction in male cats without urethral catheterization","volume":"237","author":"Cooper","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"Nestl\u00e9-Purina PetCare handbook of canine and feline clinical nutrition","volume":"124","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"Stat Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780040112","article-title":"A Wilcoxon-type test for trend","volume":"4","author":"Cuzick","year":"1985"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"N Engl J Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2725","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa061115","article-title":"An intervention to decrease catheter-related bloodstream infections in the ICU","volume":"355","author":"Pronovost","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"N Engl J Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa0810119","article-title":"A surgical safety checklist to reduce morbidity and mortality in a global population","volume":"360","author":"Haynes","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"Crit Care","first-page":"1","article-title":"Clinical review: checklists\u2014translating evidence into practice","volume":"13","author":"Winters","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref17","series-title":"J Feline Med Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2011.08.001","article-title":"Risk factors and clinical presentation of cats with feline idiopathic cystitis","volume":"13","author":"Defauw","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref18","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2002.220.994","article-title":"External and internal influences on disease risk in cats","volume":"220","author":"Buffington","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref19","series-title":"N Z Vet J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.1997.36003","article-title":"Elucidating the risk factors of feline lower urinary tract disease","volume":"45","author":"Jones","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref20","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"387","article-title":"Feline urologic syndrome: further investigation into therapy","volume":"18","author":"Barsanti","year":"1982"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/252\/12\/javma.252.12.1509.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/252\/12\/javma.252.12.1509.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/252\/12\/javma.252.12.1509.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T06:58:44Z","timestamp":1741330724000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/252\/12\/javma.252.12.1509.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,15]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.252.12.1509","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1488"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1488","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,15]]}}}