{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T10:58:30Z","timestamp":1793444310329,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:bold> To determine outcomes of subcutaneous ureteral bypass (SUB) device placement for treatment of benign ureteral obstruction in cats.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>DESIGN<\/jats:bold> Retrospective case series.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>ANIMALS<\/jats:bold> 134 cats with SUB devices placed in 174 obstructed ureters during 144 hospitalizations.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>PROCEDURES<\/jats:bold> Medical records of cats that underwent SUB device placement for treatment of benign ureteral obstruction between 2009 and 2015 were reviewed. The SUB device was placed by use of fluoroscopic and surgical methods. Signalment, history, diagnostic imaging results, postprocedural results, duration of hospitalization, complications, and short- and long-term outcomes were recorded.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>RESULTS<\/jats:bold> Ureteral obstructions were caused by ureterolithiasis (114\/174 [65.5%]), stricture (28\/174 [16.1%]), both ureterolithiasis and stricture (29\/174 [16.7%]), or pyonephrosis (1\/174 [0.6%]); in 2 (1.1%) cats, the cause was not recorded. Fifty-two of the 134 (39%) cats had bilateral ureteral obstruction. At admission, 127 (95%) cats were azotemic. Median serum creatinine concentrations at admission and 3 months after SUB device placement were 6.6 and 2.6 mg\/dL, respectively. Median renal pelvis diameters before and after the procedure were 9.2 and 1.5 mm, respectively. Postsurgical complications included device occlusion with blood clots (14\/172 [8.1%]), device leakage (6\/172 [3.5%]), and kinking of the device tubing (8\/174 [4.6%]). Cats survived to hospital discharge after 135 of the 144 (94%) hospital admissions. The most common long-term complication was catheter mineralization (40\/165 [24.2%]), which was documented a median of 463 days after device placement. A high postoperative serum ionized calcium concentration was significantly associated with SUB device occlusion.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:bold> Results suggested that SUB device placement may be a viable option for treatment of cats with benign ureteral obstruction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.253.10.1309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,6]],"date-time":"2018-11-06T13:33:04Z","timestamp":1541511184000},"page":"1309-1327","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Use of a subcutaneous ureteral bypass device for treatment of benign ureteral obstruction in cats: 174 ureters in 134 cats (2009\u20132015)"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"253","author":[{"given":"Allyson C.","family":"Berent","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chick W.","family":"Weisse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Demetrius H.","family":"Bagley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Lamb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2005.226.937","article-title":"Management and outcome of cats with ureteral calculi: 153 cases (1984\u20132002)","volume":"226","author":"Kyles","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Vet Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2011.00836.x","article-title":"Postoperative mortality in cats after ureterolithotomy","volume":"40","author":"Roberts","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"J Feline Med Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X16670572","article-title":"Placement of subcutaneous ureteral bypasses without fluoroscopic guidance in cats with ureteral obstruction: 19 cases (2014\u20132016)","volume":"19","author":"Livet","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.249.11.1292","article-title":"Outcome in cats with benign ureteral obstructions treated by means of ureteral stenting versus ureterotomy","volume":"249","author":"Culp","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.241.3.348","article-title":"Use of locking-loop pigtail nephrostomy catheters in dogs and cats: 20 cases (2004\u20132009)","volume":"241","author":"Berent","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2011.0679.x","article-title":"Feline ureteral strictures: 10 cases (2007\u20132009)","volume":"25","author":"Zaid","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12465","article-title":"Clinical presentation and outcome of cats with circumcaval ureters associated with a ureteral obstruction","volume":"29","author":"Steinhaus","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.244.5.559","article-title":"Technical and clinical outcomes of ureteral stenting in cats with benign ureteral obstructions: 69 cases (2006\u20132010)","volume":"244","author":"Berent","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"J Feline Med Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X13489055","article-title":"Predictors of outcome for cats with ureteral obstructions after interventional management using ureteral stents or a subcutaneous ureteral bypass device","volume":"15","author":"Horowitz","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"J Feline Med Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X14531763","article-title":"Feline double pigtail ureteric stents for management of ureteric obstruction: short- and long-term follow-up of 26 cats","volume":"16","author":"Kulendra","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-4431.2011.00628.x","article-title":"Ureteral obstructions in dogs and cats: a review of traditional and new interventional diagnostic and therapeutic options","volume":"21","author":"Berent","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.252.6.744","article-title":"Treatment of pyonephrosis with a subcutaneous ureteral bypass device in four cats","volume":"252","author":"Cray","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(00)00353-8","article-title":"Oral fluoroquinolone therapy results in drug adsorption on ureteral stents and prevention of biofilm formation","volume":"17","author":"Reid","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.248.5.518","article-title":"Outcomes of ureteral surgery and ureteral stenting in cats: 117 cases (2006\u20132014)","volume":"248","author":"Wormser","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"Pathogens","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E4","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens5010004","article-title":"Asymptomatic bacteriuria in clinical urological practice: preoperative control of bacteriuria and management of recurrent UTI","volume":"5","author":"Cai","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"Eur Urol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1159\/000474413","article-title":"Double pigtail ureteric stent versus percutaneous nephrostomy: effects on stone transit and ureteric motility","volume":"31","author":"Lennon","year":"1997"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/253\/10\/javma.253.10.1309.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/253\/10\/javma.253.10.1309.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/253\/10\/javma.253.10.1309.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T11:59:46Z","timestamp":1741348786000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/253\/10\/javma.253.10.1309.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,15]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.253.10.1309","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1488"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1488","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,15]]}}}