{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:54:06Z","timestamp":1787025246472,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>CASE DESCRIPTION<\/jats:bold>\n                    2 fillies, aged 3 months and 1 month, were examined because of urinary incontinence and urine scalding.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>CLINICAL FINDINGS<\/jats:bold>\n                    In horse 1, ultrasonography did not reveal any structural abnormalities of the kidneys; however, unilateral ureteral ectopia was diagnosed cystoscopically. In horse 2, CT revealed bilateral nephropathy, bilateral distended ureters (up to 3.6 cm in diameter), and bilateral ureteral ectopia. Cystoscopy revealed intramural ureteral ectopia with abnormally caudally positioned ureteral ostia in both horses.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>TREATMENT AND OUTCOME<\/jats:bold>\n                    Ureteral ostioplasty was performed under cystoscopic guidance. Laparoscopic scissors (horse 1) or a vessel-sealing device (horse 2) was introduced, and the tissue separating the intramural portion of the ureter from the urethra and bladder was cut longitudinally in a cranial direction toward the trigone. After surgery, both horses were continent and voided normal streams of urine for the duration of the follow-up periods of 20 and 9 months for horse 1 and horse 2, respectively.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:bold>\n                    Cystoscopically guided ureteral ostioplasty provided an effective and minimally invasive surgical treatment option for correction of ureteral ectopia in 2 fillies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.253.11.1467","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,19]],"date-time":"2018-11-19T11:20:45Z","timestamp":1542626445000},"page":"1467-1472","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["A minimally invasive surgical technique for ureteral ostioplasty in two fillies with ureteral ectopia"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"253","author":[{"given":"Andrew R. E.","family":"Jones","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claude A.","family":"Ragle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Aust Vet J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1981.tb05840.x","article-title":"Surgical correction of bilateral ureteral ectopia in a male Appaloosa foal","volume":"57","author":"Christie","year":"1981"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Vet Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1983.tb00728.x","article-title":"Surgical correction of bilateral ectopic ureters in two foals","volume":"12","author":"Modransky","year":"1983"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Equine Vet J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1987.tb01396.x","article-title":"Urinary incontinence in a Shire foal 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