{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T06:28:06Z","timestamp":1788848886046,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:bold> To estimate <jats:italic>Brucella canis<\/jats:italic> seropositivity rates for purebred dogs being bred by noncommercial breeders, describe epidemiological findings in infected commercial dog-production facilities, and characterize <jats:italic>B canis<\/jats:italic> infection in pet dogs and the risk to human health.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>DESIGN<\/jats:bold> Retrospective descriptive study.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>SAMPLE<\/jats:bold> 2,799 canine specimens submitted to the Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory for <jats:italic>B canis<\/jats:italic> testing and records of <jats:italic>B canis<\/jats:italic> reports provided to the Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development from 2007 through 2016.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>PROCEDURES<\/jats:bold> Results of <jats:italic>B canis<\/jats:italic> laboratory tests and epidemiological findings for reported cases of <jats:italic>B canis<\/jats:italic> were reviewed and summarized. Federal and state public health officials were interviewed regarding human <jats:italic>B canis<\/jats:italic> infection. State veterinarians were interviewed regarding canine brucellosis reporting and control procedures.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>RESULTS<\/jats:bold> Estimated <jats:italic>B canis<\/jats:italic> seropositivity was 0.4% among purebred Michigan dogs owned by noncommercial breeders. Infection was confirmed in dogs from 17 commercial dog-production facilities, 3 shelters, and 1 rescue agency. Estimated infection prevalence in production facilities ranged from 2 of 22 (9%) to 5 of 6 (83%). Transfer of infected dogs involved 22 Michigan counties and 11 states. Seven of 20 privately owned infected dogs had diskospondylitis; I also had uveitis. Fifty-three veterinary hospital or diagnostic laboratory personnel had inadvertent exposure to the pathogen. <jats:italic>Brucella canis<\/jats:italic> was isolated from 1 commercial production facility owner.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:bold> <jats:italic>B canis<\/jats:italic> was uncommon in purebred dogs being bred by noncommercial breeders but endemic in Michigan commercial facilities producing dogs destined to become household pets. Infected pet dogs caused human <jats:italic>B canis<\/jats:italic> exposure, and several pet dogs had debilitating disease not associated with the reproductive system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.253.3.322","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,18]],"date-time":"2018-07-18T12:55:22Z","timestamp":1531918522000},"page":"322-336","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Investigation and characterization of Brucella canis infections in pet-quality dogs and associated human exposures during a 2007\u20132016 outbreak in Michigan"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"253","author":[{"given":"Cheri A.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd D.","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John 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