{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T18:04:00Z","timestamp":1770746640341,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>CASE DESCRIPTION<\/jats:bold> A5.5-year-old sexually intact male Bull Terrier was referred for evaluation because of sudden facial swelling and an inability to close its mouth.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>CLINICAL FINDINGS<\/jats:bold> Physical examination revealed bilaterally elevated nictitating membranes, an inability to adduct the mandible without assistance, and severe, diffuse, firm masticatory muscle swelling. Computed tomographic examination of the head revealed symmetric bilateral enlargement of the temporalis, masseter, and pterygoid muscles with heterogeneous contrast enhancement. Intracompartmental pressures in the left and right temporalis muscles as measured with an invasive arterial blood pressure transducer were 72 and 96 mm Hg, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>TREATMENT AND OUTCOME<\/jats:bold> Emergent fasciotomy of the temporalis and masseter muscles was performed, followed by medical management with corticosteroids and analgesics. The diffuse facial swelling resolved within 1 week after surgery. Results of serologic testing for antibody against masticatory 2M muscle fibers were negative. Results of histologic examination of temporalis muscle specimens were consistent with mild to moderate multifocal neutrophilic and histiocytic myositis with myofiber degeneration and necrosis.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:bold> Acute compartmental syndrome should be considered as a differential diagnosis for dogs with a sudden onset of severe skeletal muscle swelling, signs of pain, and dysfunction. Findings for this dog with acute compartmental syndrome isolated to the masticatory muscles suggested that emergent fasciotomy followed by medical management may be an effective technique for treatment of this rare disease in dogs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.253.5.606","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,15]],"date-time":"2018-08-15T17:58:31Z","timestamp":1534355911000},"page":"606-610","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Acute masticatory muscle compartmental syndrome in a dog"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"253","author":[{"given":"Megan T.","family":"Cray","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel I.","family":"Spector","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chadwick L.","family":"West","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Fractures in adults","first-page":"426","article-title":"Acute compartment syndrome","author":"McQueen","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Lancet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00277-9","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of acute extremity compartment syndrome","volume":"386","author":"von Keudell","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br","first-page":"625","article-title":"Diagnosing acute compartment syndrome","volume":"85","author":"Elliott","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Muscles Ligaments Tendons J","first-page":"18","article-title":"Acute compartment syndrome","volume":"5","author":"Via","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-4431.2012.00750.x","article-title":"Compartment syndrome: pathophysiology, clinical presentations, treatment, and prevention in human and veterinary medicine","volume":"22","author":"Nielsen","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"Int Orthop","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-010-1016-6","article-title":"Acute compartment syndrome in children: a case series in 24 patients and review of the literature","volume":"35","author":"Erd\u00f6s","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"Orthopedics","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20130724-07","article-title":"Acute lower-leg compartment syndrome","volume":"36","author":"Mauser","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.82B2 .9799","article-title":"Acute compartment syndrome. 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