{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T11:34:00Z","timestamp":1792668840914,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:bold> To develop a partial budget analysis of direct costs associated with bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in preweaned calves on US beef cow\u2013calf operations and identify factors that strongly influence those costs.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>DESIGN<\/jats:bold> Risk analysis model.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>ANIMALS<\/jats:bold> US preweaned beef calf inventory from 2011 through 2015.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>PROCEDURES<\/jats:bold> A stochastic simulation model was developed by use of a computer spreadsheet and add-in software. Input data were obtained from the USDA, peer-reviewed literature, and a survey of beef cow\u2013calf producers. A simulation consisting of 10,000 iterations was used to account for either uncertainty or variability in model inputs. The median (90% confidence interval) was reported for each output variable. Global and local sensitivity analyses were performed to identify the most influential factors and quantitatively evaluate the effects of inputs on the estimated costs.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>RESULTS<\/jats:bold> From 2011 through 2015, BRD in preweaned calves cost the US beef cow\u2013calf industry approximately $165 million annually, of which costs associated with the death, treatment, and decreased weaning weight of BRD-affected calves were approximately $126, $25, and $15 million, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:bold> Although BRD in preweaned calves may have a fairly small effect on the total gross income for the US beef cow\u2013calf industry as a whole, it can have a substantial adverse effect on the net profit of BRD-affected herds. The model developed provided important information regarding the cost of BRD in preweaned calves on US beef cow\u2013calf operations and identified factors that had an import effect on those costs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.253.5.624","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,15]],"date-time":"2018-08-15T17:58:31Z","timestamp":1534355911000},"page":"624-631","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Cost of bovine respiratory disease in preweaned calves on US beef cow\u2013calf operations (2011\u20132015)"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"253","author":[{"given":"Min","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liesel G.","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristina J.","family":"Hubbard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David 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