{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T15:57:20Z","timestamp":1792598240400,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:bold> To identify risk factors for mesenteric volvulus (MV) in military working dogs (MWDs).<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>DESIGN<\/jats:bold> Retrospective case-control study.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>ANIMALS<\/jats:bold> 211 MWDs (54 with and 157 without MV [case and control dogs, respectively]).<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>PROCEDURES<\/jats:bold> Medical records (cases and controls) and necropsy reports (cases) were reviewed. Signalment, pertinent medical and surgical history, behavior and temperament characteristics, feeding schedules, and training types were recorded. Weather patterns for regions where dogs resided were researched. Data were evaluated statistically to identify potential risk factors for MV.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>RESULTS<\/jats:bold> Risk factors significantly associated with MV included German Shepherd Dog breed (OR, 11.5), increasing age (OR, 2.0), and history of prophylactic gastropexy (OR, 65.9), other abdominal surgery (after gastropexy and requiring a separate anesthetic episode; OR, 16.9), and gastrointestinal disease (OR, 5.4). Post hoc analysis of the subset of MWDs that underwent gastropexy suggested that postoperative complications were associated with MV in these dogs but type of gastropexy and surgeon experience level were not.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:bold> Data supported earlier findings that German Shepherd Dog breed and history of gastrointestinal disease were risk factors for MV. The MWDs with a history of prophylactic gastropexy or other abdominal surgery were more likely to acquire MV than were those without such history. These findings warrant further study. Despite the association between prophylactic gastropexy and MV, the authors remain supportive of this procedure to help prevent the more common disease of gastric dilatation-volvulus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.253.7.877","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,13]],"date-time":"2018-09-13T14:20:56Z","timestamp":1536848456000},"page":"877-885","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Investigation of potential risk factors for mesenteric volvulus in military working dogs"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"253","author":[{"given":"Shane J.","family":"Andrews","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd M.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joe G.","family":"Hauptman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bryden J.","family":"Stanley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Gut","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.1.1.76","article-title":"Volvulus of the small intestine in adults","volume":"1","author":"Talbot","year":"1960"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Disease mechanisms in small animal surgery","first-page":"255","article-title":"Intestinal obstruction","author":"Ellison","year":"1993"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Comparative gastroenterology","first-page":"90","article-title":"Intestinal volvulus","author":"Van Kruiningen","year":"1982"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Dis Colon Rectum","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-6429-0","article-title":"Intestinal malrotation: a rare but important cause of bowel obstruction in adults","volume":"45","author":"Dietz","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"Curr Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7944(03)00030-8","article-title":"Adult malrotation: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"60","author":"Gamblin","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"Miller's anatomy of the dog","first-page":"281","article-title":"The digestive apparatus and abdomen","author":"Evans","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"Vet Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1993.tb00387.x","article-title":"Cecal-colic volvulus in two dogs","volume":"22","author":"Carberry","year":"1993"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"Miller's guide to the dissection of the dog","first-page":"175","article-title":"The abdomen, pelvis and pelvic limb","author":"Evans","year":"1980"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"Vet Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1992.tb00005.x","article-title":"Canine intestinal volvulus. 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