{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T21:11:26Z","timestamp":1760044286309,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:bold> To determine effects of prosthetic laryngoplasty on return to racing, performance index, and career longevity in racing Quarter Horses with recurrent laryngeal neuropathy (RLN) and to evaluate performance variables for horses with RLN undergoing prosthetic laryngoplasty, compared with a control horse population.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>DESIGN<\/jats:bold> Multicenter, retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>ANIMALS<\/jats:bold> 162 racing Quarter Horses with RLN treated with prosthetic laryngoplasty (case horses) and 324 racing Quarter Horse without RLN (control horses).<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>PROCEDURES<\/jats:bold> Medical and race records of case and control horses examined at 5 referral centers between January 2000 and December 2015 were reviewed retrospectively. Two control horses were matched with each case horse. Return to racing, earnings, number of racing starts, performance index, and career longevity were evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>RESULTS<\/jats:bold> The odds of returning to racing did not differ significantly between case and control horses but decreased with increasing age. Neither racing starts nor career longevity were affected by prosthetic laryngoplasty or by RLN grade. In fact, horses undergoing laryngoplasty for treatment of RLN and horses with the lowest RLN grade before surgery had higher performance indices after the surgery, compared with indices for control horses.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:bold> The faster speeds and shorter distances raced with Quarter Horses could alter how RLN impacts respiratory variables and performance in Quarter Horses, compared with other racehorse breeds. Further study is needed to understand the impacts of RLN and surgical treatments for RLN in racing Quarter Horses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.254.4.496","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,4]],"date-time":"2019-02-04T16:09:26Z","timestamp":1549296566000},"page":"496-500","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A retrospective cohort study of racing performance in Quarter Horses undergoing prosthetic laryngoplasty for treatment of recurrent laryngeal neuropathy"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"254","author":[{"given":"Clarisa R.","family":"Krueger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert D.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C. Wayne","family":"McIlwraith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael D.","family":"Major","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey E.","family":"Brakenhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D. Reese","family":"Hand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aileen L.","family":"Rowland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ann M.","family":"Hess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samuel W.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eileen S.","family":"Hackett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Equine Vet J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.2746\/042516408X343163","article-title":"Racing performance after combined prosthetic laryngoplasty and ipsilateral ventriculocordectomy or partial arytenoidectomy: 135 Thoroughbred racehorses competing at less than 2400 m (1997\u20132007)","volume":"41","author":"Witte","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Vet Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1997.tb00521.x","article-title":"Laryngoplasty with or without ventriculectomy for treatment of left laryngeal hemiplegia in 230 racehorses","volume":"26","author":"Hawkins","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Equine Vet J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.2012.00601.x","article-title":"Cohort study examining long-term respiratory health, career duration and racing performance in racehorses that undergo left-sided prosthetic laryngoplasty and ventriculocordectomy surgery for treatment of left-sided laryngeal hemiplegia","volume":"45","author":"Mason","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Equine Vet J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.2746\/042516408X335711","article-title":"Histological and ultrastructural evidence that recurrent laryngeal neuropathy is a bilateral mononeuropathy limited to recurrent laryngeal nerves","volume":"40","author":"Hahn","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"Equine Vet J","first-page":"29","article-title":"Clinical and endoscopic evidence of progression in 152 cases of equine recurrent laryngeal neuropathy (RLN)","volume":"34","author":"Dixon","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"Equine Vet J Suppl","first-page":"27","article-title":"Retrospective study investigating causes of abnormal respiratory noise in horses following prosthetic laryngoplasty","volume":"43","author":"Compostella","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"Equine Vet J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12331","article-title":"Dynamic respiratory endoscopic findings pre- and post laryngoplasty in Thoroughbred racehorses","volume":"47","author":"Leutton","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","first-page":"1461","article-title":"Treatment of left laryngeal hemiplegia in Standardbreds, using a nerve muscle pedicle graft","volume":"52","author":"Fulton","year":"1991"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"Equine Vet J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12237","article-title":"Racing performance following prosthetic laryngoplasty using a polyurethane prosthesis combined with a laser-assisted ventriculocordectomy for treatment of recurrent laryngeal neuropathy in 78 Thoroughbred racehorses","volume":"47","author":"Raffetto","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"Equine Vet Educ","first-page":"333","article-title":"Consensus statements on equine recurrent laryngeal neuropathy: conclusions of the Havemeyer Workshop","volume":"16","author":"Robinson","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"J Equine Vet Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2009.05.012","article-title":"Racing performance in 72 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