{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T06:40:04Z","timestamp":1791268804711,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec id=\"s001\">\n<jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To evaluate potential prognostic indicators for does with pregnancy toxemia (PT) and their offspring.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"s002\">\n<jats:title>DESIGN<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"s003\">\n<jats:title>ANIMALS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>56 does.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"s004\">\n<jats:title>PROCEDURES<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Medical records were searched to identify does with PT. Signalment, history, clinical signs, examination findings, treatments, number of offspring present, and duration of hospitalization for does as well as outcome (death vs survival to hospital discharge) for does and their kids were recorded. Variables of interest were examined for association with outcome by contingency table analyses.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"s005\">\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Boer goats were overrepresented, compared with the general population of goats for the facility in the last year of the study. Most (15\/36) does had appropriate body condition scores. All pregnancies involved twins (11\/56), triplets (37), or quadruplets (7). Neutrophilia (26\/26) and hyperglycemia (32\/40) were common in does. Most (39\/56) does survived to hospital discharge. Does with high BUN concentration and those with serum bicarbonate concentration &lt; 15 mEq\/L were more likely to die than does without these findings. Forty-nine does survived to delivery of offspring; survival to discharge for these does was positively associated with outcome of their offspring. Among offspring of dams that survived to their delivery, twins had a higher survival rate than quadruplets. Death was more likely for offspring delivered by cesarean section than for those delivered vaginally.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"s006\">\n<jats:title>CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Results suggested Boers were more likely to develop PT than goats of other breeds in the population examined at the study hospital. In contrast with other studies, hyperglycemia was common in affected does. Further research is needed to confirm associations with outcome identified in this study.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.254.7.859","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,19]],"date-time":"2019-03-19T14:21:04Z","timestamp":1553005264000},"page":"859-867","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Evaluation of prognostic indicators for goats with pregnancy toxemia"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"254","author":[{"given":"Katharine M.","family":"Simpson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Large Animal Medicine and Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George's University, True Blue, Grenada, West Indies."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jared D.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert N.","family":"Streeter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"US Meat Goat Operations","first-page":"1","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0720(15)30107-9","article-title":"Pregnancy toxemia of ewes, does, and beef cows","volume":"16","author":"Rook","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2010.10.004","article-title":"Treatment and control of periparturient metabolic diseases: pregnancy toxemia, hypocalcemia, 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Int","first-page":"768438","article-title":"Some immunohormonal changes in experimentally pregnant toxemic goats","volume":"2010","author":"Hefnawy","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref19","series-title":"Small Rumin Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2015.07.002","article-title":"Pregnancy toxaemia as predisposing factor for development of mastitis in sheep during the immediately post-partum period","volume":"130","author":"Barbagianni","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref20","series-title":"Can Vet J","first-page":"863","article-title":"Effect of maternal ketoacidosis on the ovine fetus","volume":"56","author":"Gomez","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref21","series-title":"Adv Anim Vet Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.14737\/journal.aavs\/2015\/3.8.466.472","article-title":"Ultrasonography and ultrasonographic guided biopsy of the liver in pregnant toxemia does","volume":"3","author":"Kotb","year":"2015"}],"container-title":["Journal 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