{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T07:41:48Z","timestamp":1787730108116,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,15]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\nOBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\nTo determine mortality rates for dogs with severe anaphylaxis and identify potential prognostic factors.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nANIMALS<\/jats:title>\n67 dogs with suspected anaphylaxis graded as severe.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nPROCEDURES<\/jats:title>\nDogs were classified on the basis of outcome as survivors and nonsurvivors. Medical records were reviewed, and data were extracted including signalment, examination findings, time to hospital admission from onset of clinical signs, CBC results, serum biochemical analysis results, coagulation testing results, and findings on abdominal ultrasonography. Initial treatment within the first 6 hours after hospital admission was recorded for analysis, specifically including the use of epinephrine, diphenhydramine, corticosteroids, antimicrobials, fresh-frozen plasma, and supplemental dextrose.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nRESULTS<\/jats:title>\nThe overall mortality rate was 14.9% (10\/67) for dogs with anaphylaxis graded as severe. Serum phosphorus concentration and prothrombin time (PT) were significantly higher in nonsurvivors, compared with survivors. Nonsurvivors had lower presenting body temperatures than survivors. Serum phosphorus concentration \u2265 12.0 mmol\/L, hypoglycemia within 6 hours after hospital admission, high PT value, concurrently high PT and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) values > 50% above the reference range limit, and the need for supplemental dextrose were associated with death. The incidences of coagulopathy and peritoneal effusion were unexpectedly high (85.2% and 65.5% of dogs, respectively) but were not indicative of survival.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nCONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\nDespite the poor presenting clinical condition seen in dogs with severe anaphylaxis, the rate of survival with treatment was fairly high. Coagulopathy and the presence of peritoneal effusion were common findings in dogs with severe anaphylaxis. Serum phosphorus concentration \u2265 12.0 mmol\/L, high PT value, concurrent increases of PT and PTT values > 50% above reference range limits, hypoglycemia within 6 hours after hospital admission, and the need for supplemental dextrose were associated with death.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.256.10.1137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,4]],"date-time":"2020-05-04T13:35:48Z","timestamp":1588599348000},"page":"1137-1144","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Mortality rate and prognostic factors for dogs with severe anaphylaxis: 67 cases (2016\u20132018)"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"256","author":[{"given":"M. Ryan","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginie A.","family":"Wurlod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan G.","family":"Ralph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2MedVet Medical and Cancer Centers for Pets, Mandeville, LA 70448."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin R.","family":"Daniels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2MedVet Medical and Cancer Centers for Pets, Mandeville, LA 70448."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"World Allergy Organ J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1097\/WOX.0b013e318211496c","article-title":"World Allergy Organization Guidelines for the Assessment and Management of Anaphylaxis","volume":"4","author":"Simons","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1111\/vec.12066","article-title":"Anaphylaxis in dogs and cats","volume":"23","author":"Shmuel","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San 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