{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T16:20:12Z","timestamp":1790958012955,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Amitraz is presently the only FDA-approved treatment for demodicosis in dogs in the United States. Amitraz treatment involves a protracted course of administration and risks of severe adverse effects such as sedation, bradycardia, and respiratory depression, which are caused by activation of \u03b1<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>-adrenergic receptors. Other treatment options include macrocyclic lactones and lime sulfur, but these products have varied efficacy and high risks of adverse effects. Several recent studies have indicated that isoxazolines are capable of reducing <jats:italic>Demodex<\/jats:italic> mite counts in canine and feline patients with demodicosis by \u2265 99% in as little as 1 month with few adverse effects. This article reviews the status of isoxazolines in regard to labeled uses in dogs and cats in the United States, extralabel clinical use for treatment of demodicosis in these species, and safety of orally administered formulations of these drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.256.12.1342","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]],"date-time":"2020-05-27T19:01:00Z","timestamp":1590606060000},"page":"1342-1346","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Review of extralabel use of isoxazolines for treatment of demodicosis in dogs and cats"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"256","author":[{"given":"Xueying","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Hohman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter H.","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Vet Dermatol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2012.01099.x","article-title":"Small Demodex populations colonize most parts of the skin of healthy dogs","volume":"24","author":"Ravera","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"J Toxicol Environ Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1080\/15287398609530882","article-title":"Effect of yohimbine on amitraz-induced CNS depression and bradycardia in dogs","volume":"18","author":"Hsu","year":"1986"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Acta Vet 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