{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:53:11Z","timestamp":1787025191321,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n To assess the prevalence of tubular genital tract neoplasia in does evaluated at 2 veterinary teaching hospitals; describe the main clinical, surgical, and histopathologic or necropsy findings in affected does; and assess factors potentially associated with short-term prognosis in these animals.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n ANIMALS<\/jats:title>\n 42 does.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n PROCEDURES<\/jats:title>\n Medical records of 2 veterinary teaching hospitals were searched to identify does with neoplasia of the tubular genital tract. Signalment; history; physical and diagnostic imaging results; biopsy, surgery, and necropsy findings; and short-term outcome were recorded. Age and breed frequencies for the sample were compared with those of the overall hospital population, and variables of interest were tested for associations with a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma and with short-term outcome by statistical methods.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n Median age at hospital admission (10 years) was greater for the study sample than for the general hospital population (2 years). Pygmy goats were overrepresented (22\/42 [52%]). Common reasons for evaluation were bloody vaginal discharge or hematuria and abdominal straining. Adenocarcinoma (13\/42 [31%]), leiomyoma (13 [31%]), and leiomyosarcoma (11 [26%]) were the most common tumors. Does with distant metastasis had greater odds of a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma (OR, 40.5) than does without distant metastasis. In the analysis adjusted for hemorrhagic discharge, odds of euthanasia for does with straining were 13 times those for does without straining. In the analysis adjusted for straining status, does with hemorrhagic discharge had almost 7 times the odds of euthanasia for does without this finding. The survival-to-discharge rate was low (13\/42 [31%]).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n The frequency of adenocarcinomas in the study sample was unexpectedly high. Further research is needed to confirm the study findings.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.256.7.808","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,16]],"date-time":"2020-03-16T14:24:56Z","timestamp":1584368696000},"page":"808-813","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Neoplasia of the tubular genital tract in 42 goats"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"256","author":[{"given":"Jennifer K.","family":"Linton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Clinical Studies\u2013New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA 19348."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meera C.","family":"Heller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan J.","family":"Bender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darko","family":"Stefanovski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Clinical Studies\u2013New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA 19348."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Eve","family":"Fecteau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Clinical Studies\u2013New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA 19348."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci","first-page":"872","article-title":"Types of tumors found by federal meat inspectors in an eight-year survey","volume":"108","author":"Brandly","year":"1963"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Vet Pathol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985812471544","article-title":"One hundred two tumors in 100 goats (1987\u20132011).","volume":"50","author":"CV","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Aust Vet J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1975.tb15949.x","article-title":"Leiomyoma in the cervix and hyperplastic ectopic mammary tissue in a goat (lett)","volume":"51","author":"Ramadan","year":"1975"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Vet Rec","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.142.7.171","article-title":"Abdominal straining in a goat with a leiomyoma of the cervix","volume":"142","author":"Cockcroft","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"Can Vet J","first-page":"177","article-title":"Cervical leiomyoma in an aged goat leading to massive hemorrhage and death","volume":"49","author":"Uzal","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"Vet Q","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1080\/01652176.2007.9695234","article-title":"Pollakisuria in a dwarf goat due to pathologic enlargement of the uterus","volume":"29","author":"Pfister","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"Vet Pathol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.37-1-89","article-title":"Caprine genital leiomyosarcoma","volume":"37","author":"Whitney","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"Vet Med Nauki","first-page":"29","article-title":"Case of a leiomyoma in the uterus and cervix of a sheep","volume":"20","author":"Marinov","year":"1983"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870701900316","article-title":"Polypoid uterine leiomyosarcomas in a sheep","volume":"19","author":"Vemireddi","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.5326\/JAAHA-MS-5812","article-title":"Uterine disorders in 50 pet rabbits","volume":"51","author":"F","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1322","article-title":"Hypertrophic osteopathy associated with an intrathoracic neoplasm in a rabbit","volume":"210","author":"DeSanto","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.5295","article-title":"Preoperative local staging of endometrial cancer: transvaginal sonography vs. magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"31","author":"Savelli","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.13248","article-title":"Factors affecting sonographic preoperative local staging of endometrial cancer","volume":"43","author":"Fischerova","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"J Gynecol Oncol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.3802\/jgo.2015.26.3.201","article-title":"Transvaginal\/transrectal ultrasound for assessing myometrial invasion in endometrial cancer: a comparison of six different approaches","volume":"26","author":"Alcazar","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"Cancer epidemiology and prevention","first-page":"1058","article-title":"Endometrial cancer","author":"Grady","year":"1996"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"CA Cancer J Clin","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.52.1.23","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2002.","volume":"52","author":"Jemal","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref17","series-title":"Cancer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.11484","article-title":"Analysis of racial differences in incidence, survival, and mortality for malignant tumors of the uterine corpus","volume":"98","author":"Sherman","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref18","series-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol","first-page":"598","article-title":"Body mass index trumps age in decision for endometrial biopsy: cohort study of symptomatic premenopausal women","volume":"215","author":"Wise","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref19","series-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0412.1997.tb07996.x","article-title":"Childbearing and mortality from cancer of the corpus uteri","volume":"76","author":"ML","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref20","series-title":"Vet Q","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1080\/01652176.1984.9693918","article-title":"Tumors and tumor-like lesions in the genitalia of sows","volume":"6","author":"Akkermans","year":"1984"},{"key":"ref21","series-title":"Vet Pathol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985810382522","article-title":"Uterine lesions in 32 female miniature pet pigs","volume":"47","author":"Ilha","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref22","series-title":"Obstet Gynecol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3182605bf1","article-title":"Endometrial cancer","volume":"120","author":"Sorosky","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref23","series-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870501700418","article-title":"Endometritis and cystic endometrial hyperplasia in a goat","volume":"17","author":"Radi","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref24","series-title":"Kerala J Vet Sci India","first-page":"112","article-title":"Pathological conditions in the bursa, salpinx, and uterus of does","volume":"15","author":"Ramachandran","year":"1984"},{"key":"ref25","series-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870301500602","article-title":"Uterine neoplasia in 13 cats","volume":"15","author":"Miller","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref26","series-title":"Lancet Oncol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e353","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(12)70213-9","article-title":"Markers for individualised therapy in endometrial carcinoma","volume":"13","author":"Salvesen","year":"2012"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/256\/7\/javma.256.7.808.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/256\/7\/javma.256.7.808.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/256\/7\/javma.256.7.808.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T20:56:52Z","timestamp":1696539412000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/256\/7\/javma.256.7.808.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.256.7.808","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1488"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1488","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]]}}}