{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T20:25:19Z","timestamp":1785443119190,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec id=\"s001\">\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To determine long-term outcomes and factors associated with those outcomes in dogs with gastroesophageal intussusception (GEI).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"s002\">\n<jats:title>ANIMALS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>36 dogs with GEI evaluated at 16 veterinary hospitals from January 2000 through January 2018.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"s003\">\n<jats:title>PROCEDURES<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Medical records of included dogs were reviewed to collect information regarding signalment, clinical signs, physical examination findings, blood work and diagnostic imaging results, surgical findings, and outcome. Factors were evaluated for associations with various outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"s004\">\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Median age of dogs with GEI was 13.2 months, and males (72% [26\/36]) and German Shepherd Dogs (33% [12\/36]) were most common. Vomiting (67% [24\/36]) and regurgitation (33% [12\/36]) were the most common clinical signs. Ten of 36 (28%) dogs were euthanized without treatment, and 26 (72%) underwent treatment (25 surgically and 1 endoscopically). Twenty-three of the 26 (88%) treated dogs survived to discharge; median survival time was 995 days. At last follow-up, 15 of the 23 (65%) surviving dogs remained alive and 8 (35%) had died for reasons related to persistent regurgitation (n = 6) or reasons unrelated to GEI (2). Of the 10 dogs for which owners were contacted, 7 had persistent regurgitation, the severity of which was reduced through managed feedings. Dogs with acute (\u2264 7 days) clinical signs or a previous diagnosis of megaesophagus were more likely to have persistent regurgitation than were dogs without these factors.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"s005\">\n<jats:title>CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Treatment should be considered for dogs with GEI given the high rate of survival to discharge and median survival time. Although persistent regurgitation was common after treatment, a satisfactory outcome was possible with medical management, including managed feedings and medications.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.256.8.914","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,30]],"date-time":"2020-03-30T19:47:26Z","timestamp":1585597646000},"page":"914-920","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Characteristics and long-term outcomes of dogs with gastroesophageal intussusception"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"256","author":[{"given":"Janet A.","family":"Grimes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy T.","family":"Fleming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ameet","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bonnie G.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheryl S.","family":"Hedlund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen M.","family":"Tobias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"6Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiori","family":"Arai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"7Veterinary Clinical Sciences Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen M.","family":"Ham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"8Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raphael","family":"Repellin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"9Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Regina","family":"Schroeder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"10Animal Emergency and Specialty Center, Reno, NV 89511."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia P.","family":"Sumner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"11Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brittany","family":"Abrams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"12Animal Medical Center, New York, NY 10065."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bianca","family":"Boudreau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"13Sage Centers for Veterinary Specialty & Emergency Care, Dublin, CA 94568."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beth","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"14Colorado Veterinary Specialists and Animal ER, Littleton, CO 80129."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mandy L.","family":"Wallace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"783","article-title":"Gastroesophageal intussusception in the dog: a review of the literature and a case report","volume":"20","author":"Leib","year":"1984"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Vet Rec","first-page":"270","article-title":"Hernia of the diaphragm with intussusception","volume":"82","author":"Boswood","year":"1968"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"J Am Vet Med 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