{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T16:23:05Z","timestamp":1771518185382,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\nCASE DESCRIPTION<\/jats:title>\nAn 8-month-old 41.2-kg (90.6-lb) sexually intact male Dogue de Bordeaux with urinary incontinence and signs of nausea was referred for further evaluation and treatment of bilateral hydronephrosis, hydroureter, and ectopic ureters.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nCLINICAL FINDINGS<\/jats:title>\nClinicopathologic analyses revealed urine specific gravity and serum concentrations of urea nitrogen and creatinine within reference limits. Abdominal ultrasonography and CT revealed unilateral abdominal cryptorchidism, ureters that bilaterally passed dorsal to and appeared compressed by the external iliac arteries (retroiliac ureters), and bilateral hydronephrosis, hydroureter, and ectopic ureters. On CT, minimal uptake of contrast medium by the right kidney indicated either a lack of renal function or ureteral obstruction.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nTREATMENT AND OUTCOME<\/jats:title>\nThe dog underwent exploratory laparotomy, right ureteronephrectomy, left neoureterocystostomy, bilateral castration, and incisional gastropexy without complication and was discharged 2 days postoperatively. Eleven days after surgery, the dog had improved but continued urinary incontinence, improved left hydronephrosis and hydroureter, and serum concentrations of urea nitrogen and creatinine within reference limits. At 24 months after surgery, the dog was reportedly clinically normal, other than having persistent urinary incontinence.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nCLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\nTo our knowledge, this was the first report of a dog with retroiliac ureters and compression-induced ureteral obstruction with secondary hydroureter and hydronephrosis. Retroiliac ureters should be considered as a differential diagnosis in young dogs with ureteral obstruction. Our findings indicated that a good outcome was possible for a dog with retroiliac ureters treated surgically; however, the presence of additional congenital anomalies should be considered and may alter the prognosis in dogs with retroiliac ureters.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.258.7.740","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,23]],"date-time":"2021-03-23T13:30:56Z","timestamp":1616506256000},"page":"740-747","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Surgical treatment of retroiliac ectopic ureters with secondary hydronephrosis and hydroureter in a dog"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"258","author":[{"given":"Maureen A.","family":"Griffin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William T. N.","family":"Culp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical & Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew J. L.","family":"Munro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carrie A.","family":"Palm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mason W.","family":"Wanamaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"R1","series-title":"Vet Rec","first-page":"345","article-title":"Canine ureteral ectopia: an analysis of 175 cases and comparison of surgical treatments","volume":"136","author":"Holt Pe","year":"1995","unstructured":"Holt Pe, Moore AH. 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