{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T13:04:05Z","timestamp":1789736645059,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To provide a detailed technical tutorial on large-bore thoracostomy tube placement in small animals. The procedure is demonstrated using a veterinary simulation model designed to support safe acquisition of procedural skills and hands-on training.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Animals<\/jats:title>\n Any dog or cat requiring therapeutic drainage of the pleural space due to recurrent pleural effusion, pneumothorax, or the need for pleural lavage, such as in cases of pyothorax.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Placement of a large-bore thoracostomy tube is demonstrated, including creation of a subcutaneous tunnel through blunt dissection of the subcutaneous tissue and intercostal musculature, controlled pleural entry with the use of curved hemostatic forceps with trocar guidance, advancement of a fenestrated thoracic drain, and appropriate tube fixation and bandaging.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n This tutorial provides a clear, step-by-step guide to performing the technique, with the aim of facilitating practice of the critical procedural skills required for accurate execution while minimizing potential complications.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n Thoracostomy tube placement is a vital procedure that every veterinarian working in small animal emergency and critical care should understand. Performing the technique correctly helps reduce complications such as iatrogenic pulmonary parenchymal injury and rib fractures, which may further compromise patient ventilation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.26.01.0046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T19:45:45Z","timestamp":1782503145000},"page":"1-2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Large-bore thoracostomy tube placement in small animals"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"264","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4864-6712","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rodrigo","family":"D\u00edaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Andr\u00e9s Bello, Vi\u00f1a del Mar, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1210-9065","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Francisca","family":"Maureira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Andr\u00e9s Bello, Vi\u00f1a del Mar, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Advanced Monitoring and Procedures for Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care","first-page":"34","article-title":"Pleural space drainage","author":"Arrowood A","year":"2023","unstructured":"Arrowood A, Waddell LS. Pleural space drainage. In: Creedon JMB, Davis H, eds. Advanced Monitoring and Procedures for Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care. 2nd ed. John Wiley and Sons; 2023:34. doi:10.1002\/9781119581154.ch34"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref2","series-title":"J Feline Med Surg","first-page":"211","article-title":"Feline pyothorax: a retrospective study of 27 cases in Australia","volume":"7","author":"Barrs VR","year":"2005","unstructured":"Barrs VR, Allan GS, Martin P, Beatty JA, Malik R. Feline pyothorax: a retrospective study of 27 cases in Australia. J Feline Med Surg. 2005;7(4):211\u2013222. doi:10.1016\/j.jfms.2004.12.004"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Front Vet Sci","first-page":"818055","article-title":"Retrospective evaluation of the use and complications of small-bore wire-guided thoracostomy tubes in dogs and cats","volume":"9","author":"Boullhesen Williams T","year":"2022","unstructured":"Boullhesen Williams T, Fletcher D, Fusco J, Retrospective evaluation of the use and complications of small-bore wire-guided thoracostomy tubes in dogs and cats. Front Vet Sci. 2022;9:818055. doi:10.3389\/fvets.2022.818055"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref4","series-title":"Companion Anim","first-page":"552","article-title":"Chest tubes part 2: placement and management","volume":"20","author":"Boysen SR","year":"2015","unstructured":"Boysen SR. Chest tubes part 2: placement and management. Companion Anim. 2015;20(10):552\u2013557. doi:10.12968\/coan.2015.20.10.552"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref5","series-title":"J Trauma","first-page":"753","article-title":"Eastern Association for Trauma. Practice Management Guidelines for Prophylactic Antibiotic Use in Tube Thoracostomy for Traumatic Hemopneumothorax: the EAST Practice Management Guidelines Work Group","volume":"48","author":"Luchette FA","year":"2000","unstructured":"Luchette FA, Barrie PS, Oswanski MF, ; Eastern Association for Trauma. Practice Management Guidelines for Prophylactic Antibiotic Use in Tube Thoracostomy for Traumatic Hemopneumothorax: the EAST Practice Management Guidelines Work Group. J Trauma. 2000;48(4):753\u2013757. doi:10.1097\/00005373-200004000-00027"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref6","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1670","article-title":"Surgical and nonsurgical management of and selected risk factors for spontaneous pneumothorax in dogs: 64 cases (1986-1999)","volume":"220","author":"Puerto DA","year":"2002","unstructured":"Puerto DA, Brockman DJ, Lindquist C, Drobatz K. Surgical and nonsurgical management of and selected risk factors for spontaneous pneumothorax in dogs: 64 cases (1986-1999). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2002;220(11):1670\u20131674. doi:10.2460\/javma.2002.220.1670"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"Small Animal Critical Care Medicine","first-page":"199","article-title":"Thoracostomy tube placement and drainage","author":"Sigrist NE","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sigrist NE. Thoracostomy tube placement and drainage. In: Silverstein DC, Hopper K, eds. Small Animal Critical Care Medicine. 3rd ed. Elsevier; 2023:199. doi:10.1016\/B978-0-323-76469-8.00208-2"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"Veterinary Surgery: Small Animal. Vol 2","first-page":"2029","article-title":"Thoracic cavity","author":"Tobias KM","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tobias KM, Darrow BG, Radlinsky MG. Thoracic cavity. In: Tobias KM, Johnston SA, eds. Veterinary Surgery: Small Animal. Vol 2. 2nd ed. Elsevier; 2018:2029."}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/264\/10\/javma.26.01.0046.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/264\/10\/javma.26.01.0046.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/264\/10\/javma.26.01.0046.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T12:15:04Z","timestamp":1789733704000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/264\/10\/javma.26.01.0046.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.26.01.0046","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1488"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1488","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]}}}