{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T13:18:56Z","timestamp":1788182336826,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To establish a hospital proportional morbidity rate (HPMR) for urethral obstructions (UOs) in domestic ferrets; describe clinical presentation, interventions, and outcomes; and report associations with UO etiologies and survival.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this retrospective, descriptive, epidemiological study, electronic medical records were evaluated from ferrets presenting to 3 academic institutions in the US between 2013 and 2023. Descriptive and bivariate statistical analyses were performed. Parametric and nonparametric results are reported as mean \u00b1 SD or median (IQR).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 3,242 records were reviewed. The HPMR was 2.09% (68 of 3,242). Urethral obstruction etiologies included urolithiasis (57.4% [39 of 68]), adrenal disease\u2013associated prostatic disease (19.12% [13 of 68]), and undiagnosed etiology (23.53% [16 of 68]). Twenty-seven of 66 ferrets (40.91%) were euthanized on presentation. Of the remaining ferrets, 92.31% (36 of 39) survived to discharge. Average hospitalization time was 2.82 \u00b1 2.21 days. Complications occurred in 23.08% (9 of 39) of ferrets, and recurrence rate after discharge was 31.6% (6 of 19) with a median of 19 days (IQR, 1 to 1,164 days). Ferrets with urolithiasis were significantly younger (median, 2 years old) and had significantly higher blood glucose (median, 127 mg\/dL) compared to ferrets with adrenal disease\u2013associated prostatic disease (median age, 5 years old; median blood glucose, 91 mg\/dL). Ferrets that survived to discharge had significantly higher body temperature on admission (median, 37.4 \u00b0C [99.4 \u00b0F]) compared to ferrets that were euthanized (median, 36.7 \u00b0C [98 \u00b0F]).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ferrets with UO had an HPMR, hospitalization times, and survival and recurrence rates that were similar to those of cats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings provide objective prognostic data to better inform treatment recommendations and client decision-making.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.26.05.0343","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T12:41:31Z","timestamp":1788180091000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Retrospective analysis of 68 domestic ferrets with urethral obstruction shows high rate of euthanasia at presentation despite good survival to discharge"],"prefix":"10.2460","author":[{"given":"Brianna","family":"O\u2019Malley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3097-7432","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Miranda J.","family":"Sadar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy B.","family":"Alexander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7076-3842","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marjorie","family":"Bercier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"ref1","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract","first-page":"255","article-title":"Pathophysiology of urethral obstruction","volume":"26","author":"Bartges JW","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bartges JW, Finco DR, Polzin DJ, Osborne CA, Barsanti JA, Brown SA. 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