{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T19:07:41Z","timestamp":1789672061716,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the feasibility and preliminary clinical outcomes of surgical debulking combined with electrochemotherapy (ECT) using a multielectrode approach, including a tetrapolar single-needle electrode, in dogs with intranasal tumors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a2\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective observational study included client-owned dogs with intranasal tumors treated from 2017 through 2024 at a veterinary oncology referral center. Dogs were included if they underwent at least 1 surgical procedure combined with intraoperative bleomycin-based ECT using a multielectrode approach and had a minimum follow-up period of 2 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>12 dogs were included, and most had advanced local disease (83% stages T3 to T4). Epithelial tumors predominated (91%), mainly adenocarcinoma (42%). Clinical response was observed in all dogs, including complete clinical response in 75% and partial clinical response in 25%. Local progression was documented by CT in 5 dogs (42%). Repeat procedures were performed in 67% of dogs because of persistent clinical signs or tumor progression. The median progression-free interval was 492 days, and the median survival time was 694 days. Treatment-related adverse events were frequent but predominantly mild to moderate, including partial wound dehiscence (50%), crust formation (42%), infection (25%), and oronasal fistula (25%). No procedure-related deaths occurred.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Surgical debulking combined with ECT using a multielectrode approach, including a tetrapolar single-needle electrode, was feasible and associated with clinical benefit in dogs with intranasal tumors. These findings support further prospective investigation of this approach for intranasal tumors in dogs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a5\">\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This approach may represent a treatment option for dogs with locally advanced intranasal tumors, particularly when radiotherapy is unavailable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.26.05.0387","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T18:47:40Z","timestamp":1789670860000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Surgical debulking and electrochemotherapy, including a tetrapolar single-needle electrode, are associated with clinical benefit in dogs with intranasal tumors"],"prefix":"10.2460","author":[{"given":"Marcelo Monte M\u00f3r","family":"Rangel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vet C\u00e2ncer Care, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9 Gustavo Alves","family":"Holanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vet C\u00e2ncer Care, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"La\u00eds Calazans Menescal","family":"Linhares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinics and Surgery, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela Ota Hisayasu","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, School of Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florian\u00f3polis, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guilherme Andraus","family":"Bispo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinics and Surgery, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrigo Barboza","family":"de Nardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinics and Surgery, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"B1","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"404","article-title":"Treatment of nasal tumours in dogs: a review","volume":"61","author":"Mortier JR","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mortier JR, Blackwood L. 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