{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T17:56:18Z","timestamp":1792000578815,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791936000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To characterize ticks and tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) among Ohio shelter dogs and identify factors associated with canine exposure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional study included dogs admitted to an Ohio shelter partner between January 2020 and January 2021. Paired tick and blood samples were collected at intake. Ticks were identified and tested for TBPs by PCR; dogs underwent serologic testing and PCR. Logistic regression assessed associations between demographic and clinical variables and seropositivity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 273 dogs were enrolled. Four tick species, including\n                      <jats:italic>Haemaphysalis longicornis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , were found on 22% of dogs. Overall, 43.9% were seropositive for \u2265 1 TBP and 24% for multiple TBPs. Seroprevalence was highest for\n                      <jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n                      (33.5%) followed by\n                      <jats:italic>Ehrlichia<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp (24.4%) and\n                      <jats:italic>Rickettsia<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp (19.8%). Few dogs were PCR positive, and clinical signs were uncommon (3.7%). Tick PCR detected several relevant pathogens. Tick presence and host factors were associated with increased odds of seropositivity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ohio shelter dogs demonstrate high exposure to diverse TBPs despite few PCR-positive results and infrequent clinical signs. Paired testing of dogs and attached ticks provides integrated information relevant to veterinary and public health surveillance in a region experiencing increasing tick abundance and pathogen prevalence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Tick presence at intake may help prioritize testing when universal screening is infeasible.\n                      <jats:italic>Rickettsia<\/jats:italic>\n                      seropositivity should be interpreted cautiously because serologic cross-reactivity complicates clinical interpretation and species-level attribution.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.26.06.0477","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T17:36:20Z","timestamp":1791999380000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Shelter dogs harbor diverse tick species and demonstrate high exposure to tick-borne pathogens in a zone of tick range expansion"],"prefix":"10.2460","author":[{"given":"Colleen E.","family":"Shockling Dent","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gigi\u2019s, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jed","family":"Henning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7012-2191","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ningzhu","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environment and Natural Resources, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2974-6888","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Troy","family":"Koser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1100-2787","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Syd","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environment and Natural Resources, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiming","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9318-9911","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Risa","family":"Pesapane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"},{"name":"School of Environment and Natural Resources, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"17","key":"ref1","series-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep","first-page":"496","article-title":"Vital signs: trends in reported vectorborne disease cases\u2014United States and territories, 2004-2016","volume":"67","author":"Rosenberg R","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rosenberg R, Lindsey NP, Fischer M,  Vital signs: trends in reported vectorborne disease cases\u2014United States and territories, 2004-2016. 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