{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T17:40:53Z","timestamp":1792777253356,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    New World screwworm (\n                    <jats:italic>Cochliomyia hominivorax<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) is a transboundary obligate myiasis\u2013causing parasite that poses serious threats to livestock production through infestation of living tissue, rapid lesion progression, animal suffering, and substantial economic loss. Between June 3 and June 16, 2026, the US confirmed 12 cases of New World screwworm in domestic animals across Texas and New Mexico, marking the first detections in production livestock in the continental US since 1966. Cases have involved cattle, sheep, goats, and a dog across multiple counties, with all 12 classified as active and no wild fly trap detections recorded as of the manuscript preparation date. This narrative review synthesizes current producer-facing evidence on production-level risk factors, herd and flock biosecurity, species-specific vulnerabilities, surveillance and reporting pathways, and the economic and trade implications of an active outbreak. Practical prevention measures examined include timing invasive husbandry procedures to low-risk periods, strengthening wound prevention and inspection protocols, and improving sanitation for vehicles, equipment, and personnel. Population-level control strategies (principally the sterile insect technique, now deployed via aerial and ground releases in and around the detection zone) and current regulatory responses, including multiple FDA emergency-use authorizations for animal drugs, are summarized to support preparedness planning across livestock systems. The principal contribution of this review is to reframe the producer and veterinary response to screwworm from individual-animal treatment to production-system prevention, consolidating 2023 to 2026 guidance from USDA, FDA, AVMA, and cooperative extension programs into a practical roadmap for reducing risk, preserving animal welfare, and protecting market access at the herd and flock level.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.26.06.0484","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T17:24:53Z","timestamp":1792776293000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["New World screwworm in livestock production systems: biosecurity, economic considerations, and management for cattle, sheep, goat, horse, and swine producers"],"prefix":"10.2460","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2269-6665","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Enzo R.","family":"Campagnolo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"New Philadelphia, OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"USDA confirms presence of New World screwworm in the United States","year":"2026","unstructured":"USDA confirms presence of New World screwworm in the United States. USDA APHIS. June 3, 2026. Accessed June 16, 2026. https:\/\/www.aphis.usda.gov\/news\/agency-announcements\/usda-confirms-presence-new-world-screwworm-united-states"},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"The Canadian Food Inspection Agency implements disease control measures to prevent spread of New World screwworm","year":"2026","unstructured":"The Canadian Food Inspection Agency implements disease control measures to prevent spread of New World screwworm. Canadian Food Inspection Agency. June 5, 2026. Accessed June 16, 2026. https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/food-inspection-agency\/news\/2026\/06\/the-canadian-food-inspection-agency-implements-disease-control-measures-to-prevent-spread-of-new-world-screwworm.html"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"Stop screwworm: unified government response to protect the United States from New World screwworm","unstructured":"Stop screwworm: unified government response to protect the United States from New World screwworm. USDA APHIS. Updated October 6, 2026. 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Accessed June 16, 2026. https:\/\/texasfarmbureau.org\/advocacy\/new-world-screwworm\/"},{"key":"ref10","article-title":"Preparing livestock producers for New World screwworm reemergence in the United States","author":"Hall AL","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hall AL, Audoin F, Brischke A,  Preparing livestock producers for New World screwworm reemergence in the United States. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. October 2025. Accessed June 16, 2026. https:\/\/extension.arizona.edu\/publication\/preparing-livestock-producers-new-world-screwworm-reemergence-united-states"},{"key":"ref11","article-title":"New World screwworm (NWS) info & resources","unstructured":"New World screwworm (NWS) info & resources. American Sheep Industry Association. 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Updated August 21, 2026. Accessed June 16, 2026. https:\/\/www.aphis.usda.gov\/animals\/animal-health\/livestock-and-poultry-disease\/current-status\/us-confirmed-cases-new-world"},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"USDA announces completion of sterile fly dispersal facility in Texas","year":"2026","unstructured":"USDA announces completion of sterile fly dispersal facility in Texas. USDA. February 9, 2026. Accessed June 16, 2026. https:\/\/www.usda.gov\/about-usda\/news\/press-releases\/2026\/02\/09\/usda-announces-completion-sterile-fly-dispersal-facility-texas"},{"key":"ref16","article-title":"USDA and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers break ground on new Texas sterile fly production facility","year":"2026","unstructured":"USDA and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers break ground on new Texas sterile fly production facility. USDA APHIS. April 17, 2026. Accessed June 16, 2026. https:\/\/www.aphis.usda.gov\/news\/agency-announcements\/usda-us-army-corps-engineers-break-ground-new-texas-sterile-fly"},{"key":"ref17","article-title":"USDA announces sweeping plans to protect the United States from New World screwworm","year":"2025","unstructured":"USDA announces sweeping plans to protect the United States from New World screwworm. USDA. August 15, 2025. Accessed June 16, 2026. https:\/\/www.usda.gov\/about-usda\/news\/press-releases\/2025\/08\/15\/usda-announces-sweeping-plans-protect-united-states-new-world-screwworm"},{"key":"ref18","article-title":"Trump administration announces John Bellinger as senior advisor for New World screwworm preparedness","year":"2026","unstructured":"Trump administration announces John Bellinger as senior advisor for New World screwworm preparedness. USDA. June 8, 2026. Accessed June 16, 2026. https:\/\/www.usda.gov\/about-usda\/news\/press-releases\/2026\/06\/08\/trump-administration-announces-texas-cattleman-and-food-safety-entrepreneur-john-bellinger-senior"},{"key":"ref19","article-title":"FDA issues emergency use authorization for generic over-the-counter drug to treat New World screwworm in dogs and cats. FDA","unstructured":"FDA issues emergency use authorization for generic over-the-counter drug to treat New World screwworm in dogs and cats. FDA. Updated September 3, 2026. Accessed June 16, 2026. https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/news-events\/press-announcements\/fda-issues-emergency-use-authorization-generic-over-counter-drug-treat-new-world-screwworm-dogs-and"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/aop\/javma.26.06.0484\/javma.26.06.0484.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/aop\/javma.26.06.0484\/javma.26.06.0484.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T17:24:53Z","timestamp":1792776293000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/aop\/javma.26.06.0484\/javma.26.06.0484.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]]},"references-count":19,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.26.06.0484","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1488"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1488","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]]}}}