{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T11:42:33Z","timestamp":1776080553692,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Japanese Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["MRMS","magn reson med sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.2463\/mrms.mp.2021-0037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,9]],"date-time":"2022-05-09T22:09:59Z","timestamp":1652134199000},"page":"325-334","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Motility Mapping Quantification Using the Classical Optical Flow Algorithm for Small Bowel Crohn\u2019s Disease: Comparison with Balloon-assisted Enteroscopy Findings"],"prefix":"10.2463","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Yoshio","family":"Kitazume","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kento","family":"Takenaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuo","family":"Ohtsuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasuo","family":"Ozawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Systems Laboratories Corporation"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Koichiro","family":"Kimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryosuke","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junichi","family":"Tsuchiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshimitsu","family":"Fujii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masakazu","family":"Nagahori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mamoru","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University"},{"name":"TMDU Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ukihide","family":"Tateishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1295","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"1. Ohtsuka K, Takenaka K, Kitazume Y, et al. Magnetic resonance enterography for the evaluation of the deep small intestine in Crohn\u2019s disease. Intest Res 2016; 14:120\u2013126.","DOI":"10.5217\/ir.2016.14.2.120"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2. Bruining DH, Zimmermann EM, Loftus EV Jr., Sandborn WJ, Sauer CG, Strong SA. Consensus recommendations for evaluation, interpretation, and utilization of computed tomography and magnetic resonance enterography in patients with small bowel Crohn\u2019s disease. Radiology 2018; 286:776\u2013799.","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2018171737"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3. Maaser C, Sturm A, Vavricka SR, et al. ECCO-ESGAR Guideline for Diagnostic Assessment in IBD Part 1: Initial diagnosis, monitoring of known IBD, detection of complications. J Crohns Colitis 2019; 13:144\u2013164.","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjy113"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4. Sturm A, Maaser C, Calabrese E, et al. ECCO-ESGAR Guideline for Diagnostic Assessment in IBD Part 2: IBD scores and general principles and technical aspects. J Crohns Colitis 2019; 13:273\u2013284.","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjy114"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5. Takenaka K, Kitazume Y, Fujii T, Tsuchiya K, Watanabe M, Ohtsuka K. Objective evaluation for treat to target in Crohn\u2019s disease. J Gastroenterol 2020; 55:579\u2013587.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-020-01678-8"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6. Kitazume Y, Satoh S, Hosoi H, Noguchi O, Shibuya H. Cine magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of peristalsis of small bowel with longitudinal ulcer in Crohn disease: preliminary results. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2007; 31:876\u2013883.","DOI":"10.1097\/rct.0b013e31804b1a26"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7. Girometti R, Zuiani C, Toso F, et al. MRI scoring system including dynamic motility evaluation in assessing the activity of Crohn\u2019s disease of the terminal ileum. Acad Radiol 2008; 15:153\u2013164.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2007.08.010"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8. Froehlich JM, Waldherr C, Stoupis C, Erturk SM, Patak MA. MR motility imaging in Crohn\u2019s disease improves lesion detection compared with standard MR imaging. Eur Radiol 2010; 20:1945\u20131951.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-010-1759-x"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9. Grand DJ, Guglielmo FF, Al-Hawary MM. MR enterography in Crohn\u2019s disease: current consensus on optimal imaging technique and future advances from the SAR Crohn\u2019s disease-focused panel. Abdom Imaging 2015; 40:953\u2013964.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-015-0361-8"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10. Bhatnagar G, Von Stempel C, Halligan S, Taylor SA. Utility of MR enterography and ultrasound for the investigation of small bowel Crohn\u2019s disease. J Magn Reson Imaging 2017; 45:1573\u20131588.","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25569"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11. de Jonge CS, Gollifer RM, Nederveen AJ, et al. Dynamic MRI for bowel motility imaging-how fast and how long?. Br J Radiol 2018; 91:20170845.","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20170845"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12. Menys A, Atkinson D, Odille F, et al. Quantified terminal ileal motility during MR enterography as a potential biomarker of Crohn\u2019s disease activity: a preliminary study. Eur Radiol 2012; 22:2494\u20132501.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-012-2514-2"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13. Menys A, Taylor SA, Emmanuel A, et al. Global small bowel motility: assessment with dynamic MR imaging. Radiology 2013; 269:443\u2013450.","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.13130151"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14. Menys A, Helbren E, Makanyanga J, et al. Small bowel strictures in Crohn\u2019s disease: a quantitative investigation of intestinal motility using MR enterography. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2013; 25:967\u2013e775.","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12229"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"15. Menys A, Makanyanga J, Plumb A, et al. Aberrant motility in unaffected small bowel is linked to inflammatory burden and patient symptoms in Crohn\u2019s disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2016; 22:424\u2013432.","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000601"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16. Menys A, Puylaert C, Tutein Nolthenius CE, et al. Quantified terminal ileal motility during MR enterography as a biomarker of Crohn disease activity: prospective multi-institution study. Radiology 2018; 289:428\u2013435.","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2018180100"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"17. Hahnemann ML, Nensa F, Kinner S, Gerken G, Lauenstein TC. Motility mapping as evaluation tool for bowel motility: initial results on the development of an automated color-coding algorithm in cine MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging 2015; 41:354\u2013360.","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24557"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18. Hahnemann ML, Nensa F, Kinner S, et al. Quantitative assessment of small bowel motility in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease using dynamic MRI. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2015; 27:841\u2013848.","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12558"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"19. Hahnemann ML, Nensa F, Kinner S, et al. Improved detection of inflammatory bowel disease by additional automated motility analysis in magnetic resonance imaging. Invest Radiol 2015; 50:67\u201372.","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000097"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"20. Gollifer RM, Menys A, Makanyanga J, et al. Relationship between MRI quantified small bowel motility and abdominal symptoms in Crohn\u2019s disease patients-a validation study. Br J Radiol 2018; 91:20170914.","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20170914"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"21. Gollifer RM, Menys A, Plumb A, et al. Automated versus subjective assessment of spatial and temporal MRI small bowel motility in Crohn\u2019s disease. Clin Radiol 2019; 74:814 e819\u2013814 e819.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2019.06.016"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"22. Dreja J, Ekberg O, Leander P, Mansson S, Ohlsson B. Volumetric analysis of small bowel motility in an unselected cohort of patients with Crohn\u2019s disease. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2020; 32:e13909.","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13909"},{"key":"23","unstructured":"23. Motilent. https:\/\/www.motilent.co.uk\/ (Accessed: February 14, 2021)"},{"key":"24","unstructured":"24. Kharbat M. Horn-Schunck Optical Flow Method - File Exchange - MATLAB Central. https:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/matlabcentral\/fileexchange\/22756-horn-schunck-optical-flow-method (Accessed: February 14, 2021)"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"25. Yao T, Matsui T, Hiwatashi N. Crohn\u2019s disease in Japan: diagnostic criteria and epidemiology. Dis Colon Rectum 2000; 43(Suppl):S85\u2013S93.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02237231"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"26. Horn BKP, Schunck BG. Determining optical flow. Artif Intell 1981; 17:185\u2013203.","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(81)90024-2"},{"key":"27","unstructured":"27. Find gradient magnitude and direction of 2-D image - MATLAB imgradient. https:\/\/jp.mathworks.com\/help\/images\/ref\/imgradient.html (Accessed: February 14, 2021)"},{"key":"28","unstructured":"28. Kroon D-J. B-spline Grid, Image and Point based Registration - File Exchange - MATLAB Central. https:\/\/mathworks.com\/matlabcentral\/fileexchange\/20057-b-spline-grid-image-and-point-based-registration (Accessed: January 22, 2022)"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"29. Rimola J, Rodriguez S, Garcia-Bosch O, et al. Magnetic resonance for assessment of disease activity and severity in ileocolonic Crohn\u2019s disease. Gut 2009; 58:1113\u20131120.","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2008.167957"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"30. Kitazume Y, Fujioka T, Takenaka K, et al. Crohn disease: a 5-Point MR enterocolonography classification using enteroscopic findings. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2019; 212:67\u201376.","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.17.18897"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"31. Kitazume Y, Takenaka K, Ohtsuka K, et al. Crohn disease: magnetic resonance enterocolonography features of endoscopic ulcer stages reclassified with the healing process and the relationships to prognoses. Jpn J Radiol 2021; 39:459\u2013476.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11604-020-01082-5"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"32. Mary JY, Modigliani R. Development and validation of an endoscopic index of the severity for Crohn\u2019s disease: a prospective multicentre study. Groupe d\u2019Etudes Therapeutiques des Affections Inflammatoires du Tube Digestif (GETAID). Gut 1989; 30:983\u2013989.","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.30.7.983"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"33. Sipponen T, Savilahti E, Kolho KL, Nuutinen H, Turunen U, Farkkila M. Crohn\u2019s disease activity assessed by fecal calprotectin and lactoferrin: correlation with Crohn\u2019s disease activity index and endoscopic findings. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2008; 14:40\u201346.","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20312"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"34. Obuchowski NA. Nonparametric analysis of clustered ROC curve data. Biometrics 1997; 53:567\u2013578.","DOI":"10.2307\/2533958"},{"key":"35","unstructured":"35. Lerner Research Institute. ROC Analysis. https:\/\/www.lerner.ccf.org\/qhs\/software\/roc_analysis.php (Accessed: January 22, 2021)"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"36. Lambrou T, Chaudhry NA, Grajo JR, et al. Small bowel stricture is associated with abnormal motility on the cine MRI sequence in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease. Eur J Radiol 2019; 118:264\u2013270.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2019.08.001"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"37. Teng C-H, Lai S-H, Chen Y-S, Hsu W-H. Accurate optical flow computation under non-uniform brightness variations. Comput Vis Image Underst 2005; 97:315\u2013346.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2004.08.002"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"38. Wnorowski AM, Guglielmo FF, Mitchell DG. How to perform and interpret cine MR enterography. J Magn Reson Imaging 2015; 42:1180\u20131189.","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24981"}],"container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/mrms\/22\/3\/22_mp.2021-0037\/_pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T05:19:14Z","timestamp":1715318354000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/mrms\/22\/3\/22_mp.2021-0037\/_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2463\/mrms.mp.2021-0037","relation":{},"ISSN":["1347-3182","1880-2206"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1347-3182","type":"print"},{"value":"1880-2206","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"article-number":"mp.2021-0037"}}