{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T10:08:57Z","timestamp":1772359737325,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Japanese Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["MRMS","magn reson med sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"DOI":"10.2463\/mrms.rev.2016-0011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,15]],"date-time":"2016-08-15T22:06:14Z","timestamp":1471298774000},"page":"3-15","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["High-Resolution 3T MR Imaging of the Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex"],"prefix":"10.2463","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Donald","family":"von Borstel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kirstin","family":"Small","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taiki","family":"Nozaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, St. Luke\u2019s International Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Yoshioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1295","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"1. Yoshioka H, Burns J. Magnetic resonance imaging of triangular fibrocartilage. J Magn Reson Imaging 2012; 35:764\u2013778.","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22840"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2. Chang G, Friedrich K, Wang L, et al. MRI of the wrist at 7 tesla using an eight-channel array coil combined with parallel imaging: preliminary results. J Magn Reson Imaging 2010; 31:740\u2013746.","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22072"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3. Ramnath RR. 3T MR Imaging of the musculoskeletal system (part I): considerations, coils, and challenges. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2006; 14:27\u201340.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mric.2006.01.001"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4. Saupe N. 3-Tesla high-resolution MR imaging of the wrist. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2009; 13:29\u201338.","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1202243"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5. Lee RK, Ng AW, Tong CS, et al. Intrinsic ligament and triangular fibrocartilage complex tears of the wrist: comparison of MDCT arthrography, conventional 3-T MRI, and MR arthrography. Skeletal Radiol 2013; 42:1277\u20131285.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-013-1666-8"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6. Magee T. Comparison of 3-T MRI and arthroscopy of intrinsic wrist ligament and TFCC tears. Am J Radiol 2009; 192:80\u201385.","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.08.1089"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7. Cerezal L, de Dios Berna-Mestre J, Canga A, et al. MR and CT arthrography of the wrist. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2012; 16:27\u201341.","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1304299"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8. Anderson M, Skinner J, Felmlee J, Berger R, Amrami K. Diagnostic comparison of 1.5 Tesla and 3.0 Tesla preoperative MRI of the wrist in patients with ulnar-sided wrist pain. J Hand Surg 2008; 33:1153\u20131159.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2008.02.028"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9. Van Uljen C, Den Boef J. Driven-equilibrium radiofrequency pulses in NMR imaging. Magn Reson Med 1984; 1:502\u2013507.","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910010409"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10. Melhelm E, Itoh R, Folkers P. Cervical spine: three-dimensional fast spin-echo MR imaging-improved recovery of longitudinal magnetization with driven equilibrium pulse. Radiology 2001; 218:283\u2013288.","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.218.1.r01ja38283"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11. Knowlton J, Taylor A, Reichelderfer M, Stang J. Imaging of biliary tract inflammation: an update. Am J Radiol 2008; 190:984\u2013992.","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.07.3033"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12. Busse RF, Riederer SJ, Fletcher JG, Bharucha AE, Brandt KR. Interactive fast spin-echo imaging. Magn Reson Med 2000; 44:339\u2013348.","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2594(200009)44:3<339::AID-MRM1>3.0.CO;2-N"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13. Sodickson DK, McKenzie CA. A generalized approach to parallel magnetic resonance imaging. Med Phys 2001; 28:1629\u20131643.","DOI":"10.1118\/1.1386778"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14. Johnson D, Stevens K, Riley G, Shapiro L, Yoshioka H, Gold G. Approach to MR imaging of the elbow and wrist technical aspects and innovation. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2015; 23:355\u2013366.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mric.2015.04.008"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"15. Pruessmann K. Parallel imaging at high field strength: synergies and joint potential. Top Magn Reson Imaging. 2004; 15:237\u2013244.","DOI":"10.1097\/01.rmr.0000139297.66742.4e"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16. Jee W, McCauley T, Kim J, et al. Meniscal tear configurations: categorization with MR imaging. Am J Roentgenol 2003; 180:93\u201397.","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.180.1.1800093"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"17. Schaefer F, Schaefer P, Brossmann J, et al. Value of fat-suppressed PD-weighted TSE-sequences for detection of anterior and posterior cruciate ligament lesions: comparison to arthroscopy. Eur J Radiol 2006; 58:411\u2013415.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2005.12.034"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18. Lee YH, Choi YR, Kim S, Song H-T, Suh J-S. Intrinsic ligament and triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) tears of the wrist: comparison of isovolumetric 3D-THRIVE sequence MR arthrography and conventional MR image at 3T. Magn Reson Imaging 2013; 31:221\u2013226.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2012.06.024"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"19. Sutherland JK, Nozaki T, Kaneko Y, et al. Initial experience with 3D isotropic high-resolution 3T MR arthrography of the wrist. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2016; 17: doi:10.1186\/s12891-016-0890-5.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-016-0890-5"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"20. Cody ME, Nakamura DT, Small KM, Yoshioka H. MR imaging of the triangular fibrocartilage complex. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2015; 23:393\u2013403.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mric.2015.04.001"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"21. Yamabe E, Anavim A, Sakai T, et al. Comparison between high-resolution isotropic three-dimensional and high-resolution convenitonal two-dimensional FSE MR images of the wrist at 3 Tesla: a pilot study. J Magn Reson Imaging 2014; 40:603\u2013608.","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24428"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"22. Mosher T. Musculoskeletal imaging at 3T: current techniques and future applications. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2006; 14:63\u201376.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mric.2005.12.002"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"23. Bittersohl B, Huang T, Schneider E, et al. High-resolution MRI of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) at 3T: comparison of surface coil and volume coil. J Magn Reson Imaging 2007; 26:701\u2013707.","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.21077"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"24. Garcia-Elias M, Domenech-Mateu JM. The articular disc of the wrist: limits and relations. Acta Anat (Basel) 1987; 128:51\u201354.","DOI":"10.1159\/000146314"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"25. Lippmann RK. Laxity of the radioulnar joint following Colles\u2019 fracture. Arch Surg 1937; 35:772\u2013782.","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1937.01190160156007"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"26. Palmer AK, Werner FW. The triangular fibrocartilage complex of the wrist: anatomy and function. J Hand Surg Am 1981; 6:153\u2013162.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(81)80170-0"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"27. Palmer AK. Triangular fibrocartilage complex lesions: a classification. J Hand Surg Am 1989; 14:594\u2013606.","DOI":"10.1016\/0363-5023(89)90174-3"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"28. Nakamura T, Yabe Y, Horiuchi Y. Functional anatomy of the triangular fibrocartilage complex. J Hand Surg Br 1996; 21:581\u2013586.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0266-7681(96)80135-5"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"29. Nakamura T, Makita A. The proximal ligamentous component of the triangular fibrocartilage complex. J Hand Surg Br 2000; 25:479\u2013486.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0266-7681(00)80019-4"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"30. Yoshioka H, Burns JE. Magnetic resonance imaging of triangular fibrocartilage. J Magn Reson Imaging 2012; 35:764\u2013778.","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22840"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"31. Kauer JM. The articular disc of the hand. Acta Anat (Basel) 1975; 93:590\u2013605.","DOI":"10.1159\/000144537"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"32. Burns JE, Tanaka T, Ueno T, Nakamura T, Yoshioka H. Pitfalls that may mimic injuries of the triangular fibrocartilage and proximal intrinsic wrist ligaments at MR imaging. Radiographics 2011; 31:63\u201378.","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.311105114"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"33. Vezeridis PS, Yoshioka H, Han R, Blazar P. Ulnar-sided wrist pain: part I: anatomy and physical examination. Skeletal Radiol 2010; 39:733\u2013745.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-009-0775-x"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"34. Buck FM, Gheno R, Nico MA, Haghighi P, Trudell DJ, Resnick D. Ulnomeniscal homologue of the wrist: correlation of anatomic and MR imaging findings. Radiology 2009; 253:771\u2013779.","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2533090743"},{"key":"35","unstructured":"35. Lewis OJ, Hamshere RJ, Bucknill TM. The anatomy of the wrist joint. J Anat 1970; 106:539\u2013552."},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"36. Brown RR, Fliszar E, Cotten A, Trudell D, Resnick D. Extrinsic and intrinsic ligaments of the wrist: normal and pathologic anatomy at MR arthrography with three-compartment enhancement. Radiographics 1998; 18:667\u2013674.","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.18.3.9599390"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"37. Ringler MD. MRI of wrist ligaments. J Hand Surg Am 2013; 38:2034\u20132046.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.02.042"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"38. Ishii S, Palmer AK, Werner FW, Short WH, Fortino MD. An anatomic study of the ligamentous structure of the triangular fibrocartilage complex. J Hand Surg Am 1998; 23:977\u2013985.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(98)80003-8"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"39. Skalski MR, White EA, Patel DB, Schein AJ, RiveraMelo H, Matcuk GR Jr. The traumatized TFCC: an illustrated review of the anatomy and injury patterns of the triangular fibrocartilage complex. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol 2016; 45:39\u201350.","DOI":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2015.05.004"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"40. Garcia-Elias M. Soft-tissue anatomy and relationships about the distal ulna. Hand Clin 1998; 14:165\u2013176.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0712(21)00156-6"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"41. Oneson S, Scales L, Timins M, Erikson S, Chamoy L. MR imaging interpretation of the palmer classification of triangular fibrocartilage complex lesions. Radiographs 1996; 16:97\u2013106.","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.16.1.97"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"42. Watanabe A, Souza F, Vezeridis P, Blazar P, Yoshioka H. Ulnar-sided wrist pain. II: clinical imaging and treatment. Skeletal Radiol 2010; 39:837\u2013857.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-009-0842-3"},{"key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"43. Bayoumy M, Elkady H, Said H E-SA, Saleh W. Arthroscopic grading of common wrist disorders and its role in management. J Orthop 2015; 12:S244\u2013S250.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jor.2015.10.004"},{"key":"44","unstructured":"44. Ahn A, Chang D, Plate A. Triangular fibrocartilage complex tears: a review. Bull NYU Hosp Jt Dis 2006; 64:114\u2013118."},{"key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"45. Nagle D. Laser-assisted wrist arthroscopy. Hand Clin 1999; 15:495\u2013499.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0712(21)00185-2"},{"key":"46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"46. Hermansdorfer J, Leinman W. Management of chronic peripheral tears of the triangular fibrocartilage complex. J Hand Surg 1991; 16:340\u2013346.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(10)80123-6"},{"key":"47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"47. Lee A, Yao J. An update on the triangular fibrocartilage complex. Curr Orthop Pract 2008; 1:509\u2013514.","DOI":"10.1097\/BCO.0b013e3283050496"},{"key":"48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"48. Bednar J. Arthroscopic treatment of triangular fibrocartilage tears. Hand Clin 1999; 15:479\u2013488.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0712(21)00183-9"},{"key":"49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"49. De Araujo W, Poehling G, Kuzma G. New Tuohy needle technique for triangular fibrocartilage complex repair: preliminary studies. Arthroxcopy 1996; 12:699\u2013703.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(96)90173-5"},{"key":"50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"50. Trumble T, Gilbert M, Vedder N. Ulnar shortening combined with arthroscopic repairs in delayed management of triangular fibrocartilage complex tears. J Hand Surg Am 1997; 22:807\u2013813.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(97)80073-1"},{"key":"51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"51. Trumble T, Gilbert M, Vedder N. Isolated tears of the triangular fibrocartilage: management by early arthroscopic repair. J Hand Surg Am 1997; 22:57\u201365.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(05)80180-7"},{"key":"52","unstructured":"52. Whipple T, Cooney WI, Osterman A, Viegas S. Wrist arthroscopy. Instr Course Lect 1995; 44:139\u2013145."},{"key":"53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"53. Yao J, Dantuluri P, Osterman A. A novel technique of all-inside triangular fibrocartilage complex repair. Arthroscopy 2007; 23:13\u201357.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2007.02.010"},{"key":"54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"54. Estrella E, Hung L, Ho P, Tse W. Arthroscopic repair of triangular fibrocartilage complex tears. Arthroscopy 2007; 23:729\u2013737.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2007.01.026"},{"key":"55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"55. Osterman A, Terrill R. Arthroscopic treatment of TFCC lesions. Hand Clin 1991; 7:277\u2013281.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0712(21)01077-5"},{"key":"56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"56. Menon J, Wood V, Schoene H, Frykman G, Hohl J, Bestard E. Isolated tears of the triangular fibrocartilage of the wrist: partial excision. J Hand Surg Am 1984; 9:527\u2013530.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(84)80104-5"},{"key":"57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"57. Osterman A. Arthroscopic treatment of triangular fibrocartilage complex tears. Arthroscopy 1990; 6:120\u2013124.","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-8063(90)90012-3"},{"key":"58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"58. Bednar J, Osterman A. The role of arthroscopy in the treatment of traumatic triangular fibrocartilage injuries. Hand Clin 1994; 10:605\u2013614.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0712(21)01200-2"},{"key":"59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"59. Fellinger M, Peicha G, Seibert F, Grechenig W. Radial avulsion of the triangular fibrocartilage complex in acute wrist trauma: a new technique for arthroscopic repair. Arthroscopy 1997; 13:370\u2013374.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(97)90037-2"},{"key":"60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"60. Jantea C, Baltzer A, Ruther W. Arthroscopic repair of radial-sided lesions of the triangular fibrocartilage complex. Hand Clin 1995; 11:31\u201336.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0712(21)00023-8"},{"key":"61","unstructured":"61. Short W. Triangular fibrocartilage complex injuries and ulnar impaction syndrome. In: Berger RA, Weiss A-P, eds. Hand Surgery. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins; 2004; 355\u2013380."},{"key":"62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"62. Tatebe M, Horii E, Nakao E. Repair of the triangular fibrocartilage complex after ulnar-shortening osteotomy: second-look arthroscopy. J Hand Surg Am 2007; 32:445\u2013449.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2007.01.013"},{"key":"63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"63. Tanaka T, Ogino S, Yoshioka H. Ligamentous injuries of the wrist. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2008; 12:359\u2013378.","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1100642"}],"container-title":["Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/mrms\/16\/1\/16_rev.2016-0011\/_pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,6]],"date-time":"2022-07-06T00:41:28Z","timestamp":1657068088000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/mrms\/16\/1\/16_rev.2016-0011\/_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2463\/mrms.rev.2016-0011","relation":{},"ISSN":["1347-3182","1880-2206"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1347-3182","type":"print"},{"value":"1880-2206","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017]]}}}