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In this study the self-esteem and the self-handicapping strategies of children with dyslexia, reading comprehension disabilities, and mathematical disabilities were compared to a control group with normal learning. There were 56 children whose mean age was 8 (23 girls, 33 boys), attending Grade 3 of primary school. These pupils were selected by scores on a battery of learning tests commonly used in Italy for assessment of learning disabilities. Analyses suggested these children with dyslexia, reading comprehension disabilities, and mathematical disabilities had lower ratings of self-esteem at school and employed more self-handicapping strategies than did children whose learning was normal. More research is required to identify and examine in depth the factors that promote adaptive strategies to cope with children's reading difficulties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2466\/15.10.pr0.111.6.952-962","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,4]],"date-time":"2012-12-04T15:50:09Z","timestamp":1354636209000},"page":"952-962","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Self-Esteem at School and Self-Handicapping in Childhood: Comparison of Groups with Learning Disabilities"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Marianna","family":"Alesi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Psicologia, Universit\u00e0 di Palermo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaetano","family":"Rappo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Psicologia, Universit\u00e0 di Palermo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annamaria","family":"Pepi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Psicologia, Universit\u00e0 di Palermo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-15.10.PR0.111.6.952-962","volume-title":"Il Profilo Motivazionale Scolastico","author":"Alesi M.","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr2-15.10.PR0.111.6.952-962","first-page":"147","volume":"1","author":"Alesi M.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Giornale Italiano di Psicologia"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr3-15.10.PR0.111.6.952-962","first-page":"125","volume":"11","author":"Alesi A.","year":"2008","journal-title":"[Life Span and Disability]"},{"key":"bibr4-15.10.PR0.111.6.952-962","first-page":"505","volume":"4","author":"Alesi M.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ricerche di Psicologia"},{"key":"bibr5-15.10.PR0.111.6.952-962","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dys.318"},{"key":"bibr6-15.10.PR0.111.6.952-962","first-page":"169","volume-title":"Attribution: basic issues and applications","author":"Arkin R. 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