{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T12:33:33Z","timestamp":1791117213425,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3_suppl","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,6,1]],"date-time":"1996-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":833587200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Percept Mot Skills"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The purpose was to examine the effect of test anxiety on deficits in the articulatory loop in the working memory system. We used a verbal memory task to occupy the articulatory loop and a spatial memory task to occupy the visuospatial scratch pad. 17 highly test-anxious and 19 low-anxiety subjects performed both tasks under an anxiety-inducing situation during which they were observed by a monitor camera. Percentage of correct responses and reaction times were measured as indices of task performance. Highly anxious subjects reported feeling worry and cognitive self-concern more than the low-anxiety group. Highly anxious subjects showed a longer mean reaction time on the verbal memory task than the low-anxiety group. On the spatial memory task there was no difference in quality of performance. This finding might suggest that anxiety such as worry and cognitive self-concern interferes with information processing in the articulatory loop of the working memory system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.1996.82.3c.1223","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,31]],"date-time":"2011-08-31T18:11:15Z","timestamp":1314814275000},"page":"1223-1231","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":91,"title":["Test Anxiety and Working Memory System"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Maki","family":"Ikeda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Biosphere Sciences, Hiroshima University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Iwanaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hidetoshi","family":"Seiwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1996,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-pms.1996.82.3c.1223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(81)90020-2"},{"key":"bibr2-pms.1996.82.3c.1223","volume-title":"Human memory: Theory and practice","author":"Baddeley A. 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