{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T21:28:28Z","timestamp":1790371708763,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1994,2,1]],"date-time":"1994-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":760060800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychol Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Previous research suggests that, as a group, people who believe in the paranormal tend to have a history of traumatic events in childhood. This relationship has been incorporated into Irwin's 1993 model of the psychological origins and functions of paranormal belief. A constructive replication of the relationship and a test of Irwin's model was undertaken in relation to a specific context, namely, a childhood spent with an alcoholic parent. Compared to 89 control participants, a sample of 32 adults who were children of alcoholics had stronger beliefs in witchcraft, superstitions, and precognition. The results are discussed in relation to two components of Irwin's model.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1994.74.1.107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,31]],"date-time":"2011-08-31T16:12:24Z","timestamp":1314807144000},"page":"107-111","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Childhood Trauma and the Origins of Paranormal Belief: A Constructive Replication"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Harvey J.","family":"Irwin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New England"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1994,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-pr0.1994.74.1.107","volume-title":"Parapsychology: Science or magic? A psychological perspective","author":"Alcock J. E.","year":"1981"},{"key":"bibr2-pr0.1994.74.1.107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1993.72.2.691"},{"key":"bibr3-pr0.1994.74.1.107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1990.66.2.655"},{"key":"bibr4-pr0.1994.74.1.107","first-page":"281","volume":"55","author":"Irwin H. J.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Parapsychology"},{"key":"bibr5-pr0.1994.74.1.107","first-page":"317","volume":"85","author":"Irwin H. J.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research"},{"key":"bibr6-pr0.1994.74.1.107","first-page":"199","volume":"86","author":"Irwin H. J.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research"},{"key":"bibr7-pr0.1994.74.1.107","first-page":"1","volume":"87","author":"Irwin H. J.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research"},{"key":"bibr8-pr0.1994.74.1.107","volume-title":"Children of Alcoholics Screening Test: Test manual","author":"Jones J. W.","year":"1983"},{"key":"bibr9-pr0.1994.74.1.107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0026141"},{"key":"bibr10-pr0.1994.74.1.107","volume-title":"A Revised Paranormal Belief Scale","author":"Tobacyk J. J.","year":"1988"},{"key":"bibr11-pr0.1994.74.1.107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.44.5.1029"},{"key":"bibr12-pr0.1994.74.1.107","volume-title":"Anomalistic psychology: A study of magical thinking","author":"Zusne L.","year":"1989","edition":"2"}],"container-title":["Psychological Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.2466\/pr0.1994.74.1.107","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.2466\/pr0.1994.74.1.107","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T03:58:11Z","timestamp":1777607891000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.2466\/pr0.1994.74.1.107"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,2]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2466\/pr0.1994.74.1.107"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2466\/pr0.1994.74.1.107","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-2941","1558-691X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-2941","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-691X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,2]]}}}