{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T09:34:23Z","timestamp":1777887263991,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,6,1]],"date-time":"1996-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":833587200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychol Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A sample of 44 male Type A insurance representatives, selected by means of the Videotaped Structured Interview, were randomly assigned to a treatment ( n = 22) and a delayed treatment control group ( n = 22). The treatment group participated in 9 weekly sessions of group Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy and were followed up after 10 weeks. After the control period, the delayed treatment control group received the same treatment program. Repeated measurements were obtained by means of the Videotaped Structured Interview, Jenkins Activity Survey, Cook-Medley Hostility Scale, and Type A Cognitive Questionnaire. Self and spouse\/friend ratings of Type A behavior were obtained by means of the Bortner Rating Scale. Analysis indicated that, compared to the control condition, the therapy significantly reduced the intensity of Type A behavior and its time urgency component. These improvements were maintained at follow-up and were accompanied by self-reports of significant positive changes in Type A behavior and irrational beliefs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1996.78.3.947","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,31]],"date-time":"2011-08-31T14:45:11Z","timestamp":1314801911000},"page":"947-961","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Effects of a Group Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy Program on the Type a Behavior Pattern"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"Andr\u00e9 T.","family":"M\u00f6uller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Stellenbosch"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hein C.","family":"Botha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Stellenbosch"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1996,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(69)90061-7"},{"key":"bibr2-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00221309.1985.9710998"},{"key":"bibr3-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0060667"},{"key":"bibr4-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01173421"},{"key":"bibr5-pr0.1996.78.3.947","first-page":"315","volume":"81","author":"Edwards J. R.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Psychology"},{"key":"bibr6-pr0.1996.78.3.947","volume-title":"Reason and emotion in psychotherapy.","author":"Ellis A.","year":"1962"},{"key":"bibr7-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.104.3.381"},{"key":"bibr8-pr0.1996.78.3.947","first-page":"123","volume":"2","author":"Friedman M.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Integrative Psychiatry"},{"key":"bibr9-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1960.03020300032011"},{"key":"bibr10-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(85)90067-5"},{"key":"bibr11-pr0.1996.78.3.947","first-page":"2980-A","volume":"44","author":"Grant R. J.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Dissertation Abstracts International"},{"key":"bibr12-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1986.59.1.19"},{"key":"bibr13-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7916(84)90008-9"},{"key":"bibr14-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a112556"},{"key":"bibr15-pr0.1996.78.3.947","first-page":"51","volume-title":"Type A behavior pattern: research, theory, and intervention.","author":"Haynes S. G.","year":"1988"},{"key":"bibr16-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0097840X.1986.9936784"},{"key":"bibr17-pr0.1996.78.3.947","volume-title":"Jenkins Activity Survey manual.","author":"Jenkins C. D.","year":"1979"},{"key":"bibr18-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01172720"},{"key":"bibr19-pr0.1996.78.3.947","volume-title":"The Irrational Beliefs Test.","author":"Jones R. G.","year":"1969"},{"key":"bibr20-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3999(82)90087-3"},{"key":"bibr21-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.51.2.192"},{"key":"bibr22-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1980.47.3f.1267"},{"key":"bibr23-pr0.1996.78.3.947","first-page":"27","volume":"14","author":"Maes S.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Gedrag en Gezondheid"},{"key":"bibr24-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-3302-7"},{"key":"bibr25-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.91.2.293"},{"key":"bibr26-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.104.3.373"},{"key":"bibr27-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.42.2.303"},{"key":"bibr28-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-198703000-00006"},{"key":"bibr29-pr0.1996.78.3.947","volume-title":"Type A behavior: a model for research and practice.","author":"Price V. A.","year":"1982"},{"key":"bibr30-pr0.1996.78.3.947","first-page":"275","volume-title":"Type A behavior: research, theory, and intervention.","author":"Price V. A.","year":"1988"},{"key":"bibr31-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-197905000-00006"},{"key":"bibr32-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.63.6.1199"},{"key":"bibr33-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-86007-2_4"},{"key":"bibr34-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3999(77)90015-0"},{"key":"bibr35-pr0.1996.78.3.947","first-page":"135","volume-title":"Inside Rational-Emotive Therapy: a critical appraisal of the theory and therapy of Albert Ellis.","author":"Smith T. W.","year":"1989"},{"key":"bibr36-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00993885"},{"key":"bibr37-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0097840X.1983.9936122"},{"key":"bibr38-pr0.1996.78.3.947","first-page":"89","volume":"5","author":"Swan G. E.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Social Behavior and Personality"},{"key":"bibr39-pr0.1996.78.3.947","first-page":"4564B","volume":"42","author":"Thurman C. W.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Dissertation Abstracts International"},{"key":"bibr40-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0167.32.1.74"},{"key":"bibr41-pr0.1996.78.3.947","first-page":"417","volume":"24","author":"Thurman W. T.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Journal of College Student Personnel"},{"key":"bibr42-pr0.1996.78.3.947","unstructured":"Ward C. H. & Rallof D. (1990) Potential problematic aspects of achievement-striving associated with Type A behavior Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Society of Behavioral Medicine, Chicago, IL."},{"key":"bibr43-pr0.1996.78.3.947","unstructured":"Ward C. H., Rallof D. & Watkins P. L. (1990) Psychologically healthy and unhealthy Type A individuals. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Society of Behavioral Medicine, Chicago, EL."},{"key":"bibr44-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00962703"},{"key":"bibr45-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00960569"},{"key":"bibr46-pr0.1996.78.3.947","first-page":"189","volume-title":"Type A behavior pattern: research, theory, and intervention.","author":"Williams R. B.","year":"1988"},{"key":"bibr47-pr0.1996.78.3.947","volume-title":"Beliefs that disturb.","author":"Woods P. J.","year":"1984"},{"key":"bibr48-pr0.1996.78.3.947","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01073814"}],"container-title":["Psychological Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.2466\/pr0.1996.78.3.947","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.2466\/pr0.1996.78.3.947","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T04:06:35Z","timestamp":1777608395000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.2466\/pr0.1996.78.3.947"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,6]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2466\/pr0.1996.78.3.947"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2466\/pr0.1996.78.3.947","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-2941","1558-691X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-2941","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-691X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,6]]}}}