{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T23:36:00Z","timestamp":1791070560531,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,4,1]],"date-time":"1998-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":891388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychol Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>As computer game playing is a popular activity among adolescents, a questionnaire study was undertaken with 387 adolescents (12\u201316 years of age) to establish their \u201cdependence\u201d using a scale adapted from the DSM-III-R criteria for pathological gambling. Analysis indicated that one in five adolescents were currently \u201cdependent\u201d upon computer games. Boys played significantly more regularly than girls and were more likely to be classified as \u201cdependent.\u201d The earlier children began playing computer games it appeared the more likely they were to be playing at \u201cdependent\u201d levels. These and other results are discussed in relation to research on other gaming dependencies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1998.82.2.475","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,31]],"date-time":"2011-08-31T14:31:38Z","timestamp":1314801098000},"page":"475-480","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":290,"title":["Dependence on Computer Games by Adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Mark D.","family":"Griffiths","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology Division Nottingham Trent University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nigel","family":"Hunt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology Division Nottingham Trent University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-pr0.1998.82.2.475","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1987","edition":"3"},{"key":"bibr2-pr0.1998.82.2.475","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01014578"},{"key":"bibr3-pr0.1998.82.2.475","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-1971(91)90045-S"},{"key":"bibr4-pr0.1998.82.2.475","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1992.71.1.160"},{"key":"bibr5-pr0.1998.82.2.475","first-page":"401","volume":"6","author":"Griffiths M. D.","year":"1993","journal-title":"The Psychologist: The Bulletin of the British Psychological Society"},{"key":"bibr6-pr0.1998.82.2.475","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/casp.2450050307"},{"key":"bibr7-pr0.1998.82.2.475","volume-title":"Mind at play: the psychology of video games","author":"Loftus G. A.","year":"1983"},{"key":"bibr8-pr0.1998.82.2.475","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog0504_2"},{"key":"bibr9-pr0.1998.82.2.475","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0002764291035002003"},{"key":"bibr10-pr0.1998.82.2.475","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/b12555"},{"key":"bibr11-pr0.1998.82.2.475","first-page":"40","volume":"31","author":"Soper W. B.","year":"1983","journal-title":"School Counsellor"}],"container-title":["Psychological Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.2466\/pr0.1998.82.2.475","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.2466\/pr0.1998.82.2.475","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T04:13:16Z","timestamp":1777608796000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.2466\/pr0.1998.82.2.475"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,4]]},"references-count":11,"aliases":["10.2466\/pr0.82.2.475-480"],"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2466\/pr0.1998.82.2.475"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2466\/pr0.1998.82.2.475","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-2941","1558-691X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-2941","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-691X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,4]]}}}