{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T09:42:31Z","timestamp":1777887751180,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3_suppl","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,12,1]],"date-time":"2000-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":975628800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychol Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study assessed the characteristics and motivation for substance use among addicts referred to the Shiraz Self-identified Center, an out-patient treatment facility. Data were gathered by a semistructured interview from 306 consecutive addicts seeking treatment and referred from July to September, 1998. Their mean age was 37 yr., and the majority (73.9%) were married. Of these addicts, 28.4% were workers, 13.4% drivers, and 11.4% were unemployed. Modeling or social pressure (43.1%) was identified as the first and enjoyment (fun) was the second most common reason given for opiate use. The majority (97.1%) used opium and 71.9% used alcohol; however, only 2.6% reported current use of alcohol. Other subjects were current users of cigarettes (72.2%), opium (67%), heroin (35%), hashish (2%), hallucinogens (0.3%), and cocaine (0.3%). The most common reason given for currently using opiates was habit (56.5%). About 36% of the subjects reported that they had frequently used opiates for more than a decade. These findings are quite different from those carried out in the West, although there is some overlap. Cultural attitudes toward drug use likely affect the types and amount of use.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.2000.87.3f.1158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,31]],"date-time":"2011-08-31T14:16:50Z","timestamp":1314800210000},"page":"1158-1164","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Motivations for Use of Opiates among Addicts Seeking Treatment in Shiraz"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Jamshid","family":"Ahmadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hafez Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Ghanizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hafez Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-pr0.2000.87.3f.1158","volume-title":"Presented at Fifth Iranian Congress of Research in Psychiatry and Psychology Tehran","author":"Ahmadi J.","year":"1998"},{"key":"bibr2-pr0.2000.87.3f.1158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0376-8716(78)90023-6"},{"key":"bibr3-pr0.2000.87.3f.1158","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association.","year":"1994","edition":"4"},{"key":"bibr4-pr0.2000.87.3f.1158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.173.2.166"},{"key":"bibr5-pr0.2000.87.3f.1158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10826088509056356"},{"key":"bibr6-pr0.2000.87.3f.1158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10826089109058937"},{"key":"bibr7-pr0.2000.87.3f.1158","first-page":"516","volume":"7","author":"Merchant N. M.","year":"1976","journal-title":"Pahlavi Medical Journal"},{"key":"bibr8-pr0.2000.87.3f.1158","first-page":"69","volume":"19","author":"Moharreri M. R.","year":"1978","journal-title":"NIDA Research Monograph"}],"container-title":["Psychological Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.2466\/pr0.2000.87.3f.1158","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.2466\/pr0.2000.87.3f.1158","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T04:23:03Z","timestamp":1777609383000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.2466\/pr0.2000.87.3f.1158"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,12]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3_suppl","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2466\/pr0.2000.87.3f.1158"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2466\/pr0.2000.87.3f.1158","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-2941","1558-691X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-2941","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-691X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,12]]}}}