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A total of 15 non-offenders who had also undergone a criminal record check were included as controls. All participants were administered the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-168, Violence Risk Scale-Experimental Version, Coopersmith Self-esteem Inventory, and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task. Statistical analysis showed significant differences between the groups on scores for the Hypochondriasis, Psychopathic Deviate, and Hypomania scales of the MMPI-168. Significant differences were noted for the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task and the Violence Risk Scale. Discriminant analysis of the recidivists and nonrecidivists correctly classified at a 91.3% level.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.2003.92.1.299","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,31]],"date-time":"2011-08-31T12:25:13Z","timestamp":1314793513000},"page":"299-306","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Personality and Executive Functioning as Risk Factors in Recidivists"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Paul M.","family":"Valliant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laurentian University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Freeston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laurentian University, Ontario Provincial Police"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Derek","family":"Pottier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Correctional Services, Sudbury, Ontario"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Kosmyna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sudbury District Jail, Sudbury, Ontario"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-pr0.2003.92.1.299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J076v33n03_02"},{"key":"bibr2-pr0.2003.92.1.299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.123.2.123"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr3-pr0.2003.92.1.299","first-page":"24","volume":"14","author":"Brown S.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Forum on Corrections Research"},{"key":"bibr4-pr0.2003.92.1.299","volume-title":"Self-esteem Inventory","author":"Coopersmith S.","year":"1981"},{"key":"bibr5-pr0.2003.92.1.299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1996.01830060039005"},{"key":"bibr6-pr0.2003.92.1.299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854800027002001"},{"key":"bibr7-pr0.2003.92.1.299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.91.5.368"},{"key":"bibr8-pr0.2003.92.1.299","volume-title":"The MMPI: A practical guide","author":"Graham J. 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