{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T16:37:19Z","timestamp":1779295039355,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Privacy Enhancing Technologies Symposium Advisory Board","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,3]],"date-time":"2022-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646265600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Millions of consumers depend on smart camera systems to remotely monitor their homes and businesses. However, the architecture and design of popular commercial systems require users to relinquish control of their data to untrusted third parties, such as service providers (e.g., the cloud). Third parties therefore can (and in some instances have) access the video footage without the users\u2019 knowledge or consent\u2014violating the core tenet of user privacy. In this paper, we present <jats:monospace>CaCTUs<\/jats:monospace>, a privacy-preserving smart Camera system Controlled Totally by Users. <jats:monospace>CaCTUs <\/jats:monospace>\n                  <jats:italic>returns control to the user<\/jats:italic>; the root of trust begins with the user and is maintained through a series of cryptographic protocols, designed to support popular features, such as sharing, deleting, and viewing videos live. We show that the system can support live streaming with a latency of 2 s at a frame rate of 10 fps and a resolution of 480 p. In so doing, we demonstrate that it is feasible to implement a performant smart-camera system that leverages the convenience of a cloud-based model while retaining the ability to control access to (private) data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2478\/popets-2022-0034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T04:25:25Z","timestamp":1646454325000},"page":"25-46","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Building a Privacy-Preserving Smart Camera System"],"prefix":"10.56553","volume":"2022","author":[{"given":"Yohan","family":"Beugin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Pennsylvania State University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Quinn","family":"Burke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Pennsylvania State University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Blaine","family":"Hoak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Pennsylvania State University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Sheatsley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Pennsylvania State University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Pauley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Pennsylvania State University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Pennsylvania State University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Syed Rafiul","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Pennsylvania State University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"McDaniel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Pennsylvania State University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"35752","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022060207211435706_j_popets-2022-0034_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[1] V. K. Adhikari et al. Measurement study of Netflix, Hulu, and a tale of three CDNs. IEEE\/ACM Transactions on Networking, 23 (2014)(6):1984\u20131997.10.1109\/TNET.2014.2354262","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2014.2354262"},{"key":"2022060207211435706_j_popets-2022-0034_ref_002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[2] R. Alharbi and D. Aspinall. An IoT analysis framework: An investigation of IoT smart cameras\u2019 vulnerabilities. In: Living in the Internet of Things: Cybersecurity of the IoT - 2018, pages 1\u201310 (2018). 10.1049\/cp.2018.0047.","DOI":"10.1049\/cp.2018.0047"},{"key":"2022060207211435706_j_popets-2022-0034_ref_003","unstructured":"[3] J. G. Apostolopoulos, W.-t. Tan, and S. J. Wee. Video streaming: Concepts, algorithms, and systems. HP Laboratories, report HPL-2002-260, (2002)."},{"key":"2022060207211435706_j_popets-2022-0034_ref_004","unstructured":"[4] Arlo. Arlo - Investor Relations (2021). URL: https:\/\/investor.arlo.com\/ir-home\/default.aspx. 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Kim, and S.-B. Lee. Pinto: Enabling Video Privacy for Commodity IoT Cameras. 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