{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T14:54:25Z","timestamp":1768920865395,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,1]],"date-time":"2011-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1322697600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Stroke is one of the major causes of permanent adult disability. Stroke frequently affects motor control of the arm, leading to diffculties in doing activities of daily living. This research focuses on developing an upper limb rehabilitation robotic prototype through user-centered design to aid stroke survivors in rehabilitating their arm. To gather requirements from end users, stroke therapy sessions were observed and a survey of stroke therapists was conducted. End user requirements were evaluated to determine technical targets for the mechanical design of the prototype. Evaluation of the prototype was done with stroke therapists in a focus group and a preliminary biomechanical study. As user-centered design would require more iterations of design, testing and evaluation, this project reports a first step in developing an affordable, portable device, which could increase access to stroke rehabilitation for the arm.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2478\/s13230-012-0009-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,31]],"date-time":"2012-01-31T07:15:12Z","timestamp":1327994112000},"page":"176-184","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Development of a robotic device for upper limb stroke rehabilitation: A user-centered design approach"],"prefix":"10.2478","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Elaine C.","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Room 407, M5S 3G9 Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosalie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, 550 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 2A2 Canada"},{"name":"Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, 160-500 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1V7 Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rajibul","family":"Huq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Room 407, M5S 3G9 Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Don","family":"Gardner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quanser Consulting, Inc., 119 Spy Court, Markham, ON, L3R 5H6 Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Karam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quanser Consulting, Inc., 119 Spy Court, Markham, ON, L3R 5H6 Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karl","family":"Zabjek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, 160-500 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1V7 Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Debbie","family":"Hebert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, 550 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 2A2 Canada"},{"name":"Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, 160-500 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1V7 Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Boger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, 550 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 2A2 Canada"},{"name":"Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, 160-500 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1V7 Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Mihailidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Room 407, M5S 3G9 Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, 550 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 2A2 Canada"},{"name":"Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, 160-500 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1V7 Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,30]]},"container-title":["Paladyn, Journal of Behavioral 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