{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T00:03:53Z","timestamp":1793750633319,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Oral lichen planus (OLP) is one of the most common diseases in the oral cavity and has a chronic inflammatory nature. The etiology of this disease remains unclear. OLP is more prevalent in women, but to our knowledge, no study yet evaluated estrogen levels in women with OLP.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To determine the serum level of estrogen in female patients with OLP.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This case\u2013control observational study was conducted in patients who were referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine at the Tehran University of Medical Sciences. After clinical and histopathological confirmation of OLP diagnosis, and according to exclusion and inclusion criteria, 47 women with OLP and 47 healthy women (10 premenopausal and 37 postmenopausal) were included, as case and control groups, respectively. We obtained blood samples (5 mL) from each participant to measure the serum level of 17\u03b2-estradiol. Data were analyzed by Spearman rank correlation coefficients and a two-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni post hoc tests.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Serum estrogen level in women with OLP was significantly higher than that in healthy women (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.002), and it was also significantly higher in premenopausal women than postmenopausal women (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). The severity of OLP lesions correlated with estrogen level in postmenopausal women (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = 0.650; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001); in premenopausal women (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = 0.618; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.008), and in all women with OLP (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = 0.535; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>OLP, like other autoimmune diseases, is affected by the serum level of sex hormones such as estrogen.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2478\/abm-2021-0018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,4]],"date-time":"2021-07-04T23:39:53Z","timestamp":1625441993000},"page":"145-150","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Serum level of estrogen in Iranian patients with oral lichen planus"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2006-8240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Narges","family":"Gholizadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry , Tehran University of Medical Science , Tehran , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3413-6796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Azadeh","family":"Sadeghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthetics, School of Dentistry , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science , Tehran , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3488-6842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iraj","family":"Mirzaii-Dizgah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, School of Medicine , Aja University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3869-7256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nafiseh","family":"Sheykhbahaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry , Tehran University of Medical Science , Tehran , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021070620260944275_j_abm-2021-0018_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Agha-Hosseini F, Moosavi MS, Sadrzadeh Afshar MS, Sheykhbahaei N. Assessment of the relationship between stress and oral lichen planus: a review of literature. J Islam Dent Assoc Iran. 2016; 28:78\u201385.","DOI":"10.30699\/jidai.29.2.78"},{"key":"2021070620260944275_j_abm-2021-0018_ref_002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Agha-Hosseini F, Sheykhbahaei N, SadrZadeh-Afshar M-S. Evaluation of potential risk factors that contribute to malignant transformation of oral lichen planus: a literature review. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2016; 17:692\u2013701.","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10024-1914"},{"key":"2021070620260944275_j_abm-2021-0018_ref_003","unstructured":"Boorghani M, Gholizadeh N, Zenouz AT, Vatankhah M, Mehdipour M. Oral lichen planus: clinical features, etiology, treatment and management; a review of literature. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospect. 2010; 4:3\u20139. doi: 10.5681\/joddd.2010.002"},{"key":"2021070620260944275_j_abm-2021-0018_ref_004","unstructured":"Katne T, Muppirala AVS, Devaraju RR, Gantala R. 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