{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T16:04:41Z","timestamp":1779725081766,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The burden of gastrointestinal (GI) and liver diseases in Southeast Asian (SEA) nations is substantial and evolving. Understanding contemporary trends is crucial for targeted public health interventions in this heterogeneous region.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To analyze disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for major GI and liver diseases across 11 SEA nations from 1990 to 2021.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Age-standardized DALY rates per 100,000 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study. We analyzed overall trends, causes with the highest relative DALY rate increases per country (1990\u20132021), and countries with the highest DALY rates per cause (2021).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although infectious GI DALYs such as diarrheal diseases declined, non-communicable disease, particularly GI cancers and chronic liver diseases, showed increasing prominence. Pancreatic cancer DALYs exhibited major relative increases in Indonesia (+61.7%) and Vietnam (+51.6%). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-related DALYs (including cirrhosis) surged in Malaysia (+65.3%) and Thailand (+59.7%). In 2021, Cambodia, Myanmar, and Indonesia faced the highest DALY burdens from chronic hepatitis B and C. Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia, and Thailand led in colorectal cancer DALYs, while Brunei Darussalam also had high pancreatic cancer rates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SEA nations confront a complex and evolving burden of transitioning GI and liver diseases. The persistent high impact of viral hepatitis, coupled with the alarming rise of NAFLD and GI cancers such as pancreatic cancer, underscores the urgent need for tailored national strategies focused on prevention, early detection, and enhanced treatment access.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2478\/abm-2025-0030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T12:00:50Z","timestamp":1764158450000},"page":"281-295","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The shifting burden of gastrointestinal and liver diseases across 11 Southeast Asian nations: a 1990\u20132021 systematic analysis from the global burden of disease study"],"prefix":"10.2478","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Thanathip","family":"Suenghataiphorn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Griffin Hospital , Derby , CT , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narisara","family":"Tribuddharat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, St. Elizabeth Medical , Boston , MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pojsakorn","family":"Danpanichkul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Science Center , Lubbock , TX , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narathorn","family":"Kulthamrongsri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Hawaii , Honolulu , HI , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026052515184171898_j_abm-2025-0030_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peery AF, Murphy CC, Anderson C, Jensen ET, Deutsch-Link S, Egberg MD, et al. Burden and cost of gastrointestinal, liver, and pancreatic diseases in the United States: update 2024. Gastroenterology. 2025; 168:1000\u201324.","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2024.12.029"},{"key":"2026052515184171898_j_abm-2025-0030_ref_002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Si Y, Guo L, Chen S, Zhang X, Dai X, Wang D, et al. Progressing towards the 2030 health-related SDGs in ASEAN: a systematic analysis. PLoS Med. 2025; 22:e1004551. doi: 10.1371\/journal. pmed.1004551","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1004551"},{"key":"2026052515184171898_j_abm-2025-0030_ref_003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu Q, Liu M, Liu J. Burden and trends of acute viral hepatitis in Asia from 1990 to 2019. Viruses. 2022; 14:1180. doi: 10.3390\/v14061180","DOI":"10.3390\/v14061180"},{"key":"2026052515184171898_j_abm-2025-0030_ref_004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Merican I, Guan R, Amarapuka D, Alexander MJ, Chutaputti A, Chien RN, et al. Chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Asian countries. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2000; 15:1356\u201361.","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1746.2000.0150121356.x"},{"key":"2026052515184171898_j_abm-2025-0030_ref_005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Quach DT, Vilaichone RK, Vu KV, Yamaoka Y, Sugano K, Mahachai V. Helicobacter pylori infection and related gastrointestinal diseases in Southeast Asian countries: an expert opinion survey. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2018; 19:3565\u20139.","DOI":"10.31557\/APJCP.2018.19.12.3565"},{"key":"2026052515184171898_j_abm-2025-0030_ref_006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Quigley EMM. Can diet change the natural history of gastrointestinal diseases? JGH Open. 2024; 8:e13063. doi: 10.1002\/jgh3.13063","DOI":"10.1002\/jgh3.13063"},{"key":"2026052515184171898_j_abm-2025-0030_ref_007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corsello A, Pugliese D, Gasbarrini A, Armuzzi A. Diet and nutrients in gastrointestinal chronic diseases. 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