{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T00:30:49Z","timestamp":1786408249293,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]],"date-time":"2018-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527811200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A rising number of patients are being treated for overdosing with new psychoactive substances (NPS) available at the illegal drug market in Serbia. The aim of this study was to report clinical and analytical experience of the National Poison Control Centre of Serbia (NPCC) with synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) and point to the NPS available at the illegal drug market in our country. From January 2013 to December 2016, 58 patients (aged between 14 and 25) were treated for the effects of synthetic cannabinoids at the NPCC. Tachycardia was established in 53, mydriasis in 31, somnolence, nausea, vomiting, and agitation in 16, dizziness in 10, disorientation in 9, dyspnoea and chest pain in 4, and loss of consciousness, pallor, paraesthesia, muscle twitches, and short-term memory impairment in 2 patients. After receiving symptomatic and supportive treatment in the emergency ward, all patients had fully recovered within 8 h and were discharged shortly afterwards. Another part of the study was focused on the analysis of the products known under their local street names as \u201cBiljni tamjan\u201d (herbal incense), \u201cBeli slez\u201d, and \u201cRainbow Special\u201d and the analysis of urine sampled from the patients with gas chromatography - mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography. The detected synthetic cannabinoids were AB-PINACA, JWH-018, JWH-122, JWH-210, 5F-AKB48, and MDMB-CHMICA in herbal products and AB-FUBINACA, AB-CHMINACA, and MDMB-CHMICA in the urine samples. Our findings have shown the great capacity of NPCC to I) monitor NPS abuse in Serbia, II) reliably detect SCs in illicit products and biological samples, and III) clinically manage the adverse effects in their users. Future commitments of the NPCC will include systematic collection of relevant data on SCs and their adverse effects, detection of changes in purity and composition of the controlled NPS-based products, and raising the public awareness of NPS to improve the effectiveness of the national Early Warning System.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2478\/aiht-2018-69-3096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,10]],"date-time":"2018-07-10T20:33:22Z","timestamp":1531254802000},"page":"178-185","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Clinical and analytical experience of the National Poison Control Centre with synthetic cannabinoids"],"prefix":"10.2478","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Slavica","family":"Vu\u010dini\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Poison Control Centre, Military Medical Academy , Medical Faculty University of Defense , Belgrade , Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vesna","family":"Kilibarda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Poison Control Centre, Military Medical Academy , Medical Faculty University of Defense , Belgrade , Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sne\u017eana","family":"\u0110or\u0111evi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Poison Control Centre, Military Medical Academy , Medical Faculty University of Defense , Belgrade , Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dragana","family":"\u0110or\u0111evi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Poison Control Centre, Military Medical Academy , Medical Faculty University of Defense , Belgrade , Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nata\u0161a","family":"Perkovi\u0107-Vuk\u010devi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Poison Control Centre, Military Medical Academy , Medical Faculty University of Defense , Belgrade , Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gordana","family":"Vukovi\u0107-Ercegovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Poison Control Centre, Military Medical Academy , Medical Faculty University of Defense , Belgrade , Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biljana","family":"Antonijevi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Belgrade , Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology \u201cAkademik Danilo Soldatovi\u0107\u201d , Belgrade , Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marijana","family":"\u0106ur\u010di\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Belgrade , Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology \u201cAkademik Danilo Soldatovi\u0107\u201d , Belgrade , Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evica","family":"Antonijevi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Belgrade , Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology \u201cAkademik Danilo Soldatovi\u0107\u201d , Belgrade , Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gordana","family":"Brajkovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Poison Control Centre, Military Medical Academy , Medical Faculty University of Defense , Belgrade , Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081023592476725_j_aiht-2018-69-3096_ref_001_w2aab3b7ab1b6b1ab1ab1Aa","unstructured":"1. Council Decision 2005\/387\/JHA of 10 May 2005 on the information exchange, risk-assessment and control of new psychoactive substances [displayed 10 May 2018]. Available at https:\/\/publications.europa.eu\/en\/publication-detail\/-\/publication\/1220f240-3f1a-4a14-9df7-9cd2b297f4bb\/language-en"},{"key":"2026081023592476725_j_aiht-2018-69-3096_ref_002_w2aab3b7ab1b6b1ab1ab2Aa","unstructured":"2. European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA). Understanding the \u2018Spice\u2019 Phenomenon. Thematic papers. Lisbon: EMCDDA; 2009."},{"key":"2026081023592476725_j_aiht-2018-69-3096_ref_003_w2aab3b7ab1b6b1ab1ab3Aa","unstructured":"3. Gurney SM, Scott KS, Kacinko SL, Presley BC, Logan BK. Pharmacology, toxicology, and adverse effects of synthetic cannabinoid drugs. Forensic Sci Rev 2014;26:53-78. PMID: 26226970"},{"key":"2026081023592476725_j_aiht-2018-69-3096_ref_004_w2aab3b7ab1b6b1ab1ab4Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4. Hurst D, Loeffler G, McLay R. Psychosis associated with synthetic cannabinoid agonists: a case series. Am J Psychiatry 2011;168:1119. doi: 10.1176\/appi.ajp.2011.1101017610.1176\/appi.ajp.2011.1101017621969050","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2011.11010176"},{"key":"2026081023592476725_j_aiht-2018-69-3096_ref_005_w2aab3b7ab1b6b1ab1ab5Aa","unstructured":"5. European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA). Perspectives on Drugs. Synthetic cannabinoids in Europe [displayed 4 May 2018]. Available at http:\/\/www.emcdda.europa.eu\/system\/files\/publications\/2753\/POD_Synthetic%20cannabinoids_0.pdf"},{"key":"2026081023592476725_j_aiht-2018-69-3096_ref_006_w2aab3b7ab1b6b1ab1ab6Aa","unstructured":"6. European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA). Synthetic cannabinoids and \u201cSpice\u201d drug profile [displayed 4 May 2018]. Available at https:\/\/www.emcdda.europa.eu\/publications\/drug-profiles\/synthetic-cannabinoids"},{"key":"2026081023592476725_j_aiht-2018-69-3096_ref_007_w2aab3b7ab1b6b1ab1ab7Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7. Namera A, Kawamura M, Nakamoto A, Saito T, Nagao M. Comprehensive review of the detection methods for synthetic cannabinoids and cathinones. Forensic Toxicol 2015;33:175-94. doi: 10.1007\/s11419-015-0270-010.1007\/s11419-015-0270-0452520826257831","DOI":"10.1007\/s11419-015-0270-0"},{"key":"2026081023592476725_j_aiht-2018-69-3096_ref_008_w2aab3b7ab1b6b1ab1ab8Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8. Lapoint J, James LP, Moran CL, Nelson LS, Hoffman RS, Moran JH. Severe toxicity following synthetic cannabinoid ingestion. Clin Toxicol 2011;49:760-4. doi: 10.3109\/15563650.2011.60982210.3109\/15563650.2011.609822416560321970775","DOI":"10.3109\/15563650.2011.609822"},{"key":"2026081023592476725_j_aiht-2018-69-3096_ref_009_w2aab3b7ab1b6b1ab1ab9Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9. Spaderna M, Addy PH, Deepak CDS. Spicing things up: Synthetic cannabinoids. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2013;228:525-40. doi: 10.1007\/s00213-013-3188-410.1007\/s00213-013-3188-4379995523836028","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-013-3188-4"},{"key":"2026081023592476725_j_aiht-2018-69-3096_ref_010_w2aab3b7ab1b6b1ab1ac10Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10. Brents LK, Reichard EE, Zimmerman SM, Moran JH, Fantegrossi WE, Prather PL. Phase I hydroxylated metabolites of the K2 synthetic cannabinoid JWH-18 retain in vitro and in vivo cannabinoid 1 receptor affinity and activity. PLoS One 2011;6(7):e21917. doi: 10.1371\/journal.pone.002191710.1371\/journal.pone.0021917313077721755008","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0021917"},{"key":"2026081023592476725_j_aiht-2018-69-3096_ref_011_w2aab3b7ab1b6b1ab1ac11Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11. Erg\u00fcl DF, Ekemen S, Yelken BB. Synthetic cannabinoid \u00b4Bonsai\u00b4 intoxication: six case series. Turk J Anaestesiol Reanim 2015;43:347-51. doi: 10.5152\/TJAR.2015.0566810.5152\/TJAR.2015.05668489423727366526","DOI":"10.5152\/TJAR.2015.05668"},{"key":"2026081023592476725_j_aiht-2018-69-3096_ref_012_w2aab3b7ab1b6b1ab1ac12Aa","unstructured":"12. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). Synthetic cannabinoids in herbal products, 2011 [displayed 4 May 2018]. Available at https:\/\/www.unodc.org\/unodc\/en\/scientists\/synthetic-cannabinoids-in-herbal-products_new.html"},{"key":"2026081023592476725_j_aiht-2018-69-3096_ref_013_w2aab3b7ab1b6b1ab1ac13Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13. Papanti D, Schifano F, Botteon G, Bertossi F, Mannix J, Vidoni D, Impagnatiello M, Pascolo-Fabrici E, Bonavigo T. \u201cSpiceophrenia\u201d: a systematic overview of \u201cSpice\u201d-related psychopathological issues and a case report. Hum Psychopharmacol Clin Exp 2013;28:379-89. doi: 10.1002\/hup.231210.1002\/hup.231223881886","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.2312"},{"key":"2026081023592476725_j_aiht-2018-69-3096_ref_014_w2aab3b7ab1b6b1ab1ac14Aa","unstructured":"14. American Association of Poison Control Centres. Synthetic Cannabinoids [displayed 4 May 2018]. Available at http:\/\/www.aapcc.org\/alerts\/synthetic-cannabinoids\/"},{"key":"2026081023592476725_j_aiht-2018-69-3096_ref_015_w2aab3b7ab1b6b1ab1ac15Aa","unstructured":"15. European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA). Health responses to new psychoactive substances. Lisbon: EMCDDA; 2016. doi: 10.2810\/04241210.2810\/042412"},{"key":"2026081023592476725_j_aiht-2018-69-3096_ref_016_w2aab3b7ab1b6b1ab1ac16Aa","unstructured":"16. European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA). New psychoactive substances in Europe. An update from the EU Early Warning Sytem March 2015. Luxembourg: Publication Office of the European Union; 2015. doi: 10.2810\/37241510.2810\/372415"},{"key":"2026081023592476725_j_aiht-2018-69-3096_ref_017_w2aab3b7ab1b6b1ab1ac17Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"17. Emerson B, Durham B, Gidden J, Lay Jr JO. Gas chromatographymass spectrometry of JWH-018 metabolites in urine samples with direct comparison to analytical standards. Forensic Sci Int 2013;229:1-6. doi: 10.1016\/j.forsciint.2013.03.00610.1016\/j.forsciint.2013.03.006366096623683902","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2013.03.006"},{"key":"2026081023592476725_j_aiht-2018-69-3096_ref_018_w2aab3b7ab1b6b1ab1ac18Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18. Moran CL, Le VH, Chimalakonda KC, Smedley AL, Lackey FD, Owen SN, Kennedy PD, Endres GW, Ciske FL, Kramer JB, Kornilov AM, Bratton LD, Dobrowolski PJ, Wessinger WD, Fantegrossi WE, Prather PP, James LP, Radominska-Pandya A, Moran JH. Quantitative measurement of JWH-018 and JWH-073 metabolites excreted in human urine. Anal Chem 2011;83:4228-36. doi: 10.1021\/ac200563610.1021\/ac2005636310546721506519","DOI":"10.1021\/ac2005636"},{"key":"2026081023592476725_j_aiht-2018-69-3096_ref_019_w2aab3b7ab1b6b1ab1ac19Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"19. Hutter M, Broecker S, Kneisel S, Auw\u00e4rter V. Identification of the major urinary metabolites in man of seven synthetic cannabinoids of the aminoalkylindole type present as adulterans in \u201cherbal mixtures\u201d using LC-MS\/MS techniques. J Mass Spectrom 2012;47:54-6. doi: 10.1002\/jms.202610.1002\/jms.202622282090","DOI":"10.1002\/jms.2026"},{"key":"2026081023592476725_j_aiht-2018-69-3096_ref_020_w2aab3b7ab1b6b1ab1ac20Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"20. Schneir AB, Baumbacher T. Convulsions associated with the use of a synthetic cannabinoid product. J Med Toxicol 2012;8:62-4. doi: 10.1007\/s13181-011-0182-210.1007\/s13181-011-0182-2355022722160733","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-011-0182-2"},{"key":"2026081023592476725_j_aiht-2018-69-3096_ref_021_w2aab3b7ab1b6b1ab1ac21Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"21. Kronstrand R, Roman M, Andersson M, Eklund A. Toxicological findings of synthetic cannabinoids in recreational users. J Anal Toxicol 2013;37:534-41. doi: 10.1093\/jat\/bkt06810.1093\/jat\/bkt06823970540","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bkt068"},{"key":"2026081023592476725_j_aiht-2018-69-3096_ref_022_w2aab3b7ab1b6b1ab1ac22Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"22. Mdege ND, Meader N, Lloyd C, Parrott S, McCambridge J. The Novel Psychoactive Sunstances in the UK Project: empirical and conceptual review of work to produce research recommendations. Final Report. Public Health Res 2017;5:1-11. doi: 10.3310\/phr0504010.3310\/phr0504028678463","DOI":"10.3310\/phr05040"},{"key":"2026081023592476725_j_aiht-2018-69-3096_ref_023_w2aab3b7ab1b6b1ab1ac23Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"23. Busquets Garcia A, Soria-Gomez E, Bellochio L, Marsicano G. Cannabinoid receptor type-1: breaking the dogmas. F1000Res 2016;5. pii: F1000 Faculty Rev-990. doi: 10.12688\/f1000research.8245.110.12688\/f1000research.8245.1487993227239293","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.8245.1"}],"container-title":["Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/content.sciendo.com\/view\/journals\/aiht\/69\/2\/article-p178.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/reference-global.com\/pdf\/10.2478\/aiht-2018-69-3096","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T23:59:31Z","timestamp":1786406371000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/reference-global.com\/article\/10.2478\/aiht-2018-69-3096"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,7]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2478\/aiht-2018-69-3096"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2478\/aiht-2018-69-3096","relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-1254"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0004-1254","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]]}}}