{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T01:50:36Z","timestamp":1789091436143,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objectives.<\/jats:bold>\n                    The onset of puberty in humans is followed by an increase in insulin resistance and this transient phenomenon decreases at the end of the puberty. However, the insulin resistance during puberty has not been described in mice. Thus, in the present study we performed a temporal characterization of the development of insulin resistance during puberty in male and female C57BL\/6 mice.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods.<\/jats:bold>\n                    From the fourth week of life male (n=18) and female (n=32) C57BL\/6 wild-type mice were weekly subjected to insulin tolerance tests until the seventh week of life. Blood glucose levels were determined using a glucose meter through samples collected from the tail tip. Vaginal opening was assessed daily in female mice. Preputial separation was determined in a subgroup of males.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results.<\/jats:bold>\n                    We observed a transient increase in the area under the curve of the insulin tolerance tests and in basal glycemia in female mice at the time of vaginal opening (between the fourth and fifth week of life) compared with previous and subsequent weeks of pubertal development. In contrast, male mice show no changes in insulin sensitivity during puberty.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions.<\/jats:bold>\n                    Our findings demonstrate that the insulin resistance at puberty can also be observed in female mice and this peak occurs at the time of vaginal opening. Our temporal characterization can be used as a reference for future studies that aim to study glucose homeostasis during puberty in rodents.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2478\/enr-2021-0001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,6]],"date-time":"2021-04-06T21:15:57Z","timestamp":1617743757000},"page":"1-4","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Temporal characterization of the insulin resistance during puberty in mice"],"prefix":"10.2478","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Pryscila D.S.","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Sao Paulo , Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas , Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofisica , Sao Paulo , Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana R.","family":"Tavares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Sao Paulo , Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas , Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofisica , Sao Paulo , Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Donato","family":"Jose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Sao Paulo , Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas , Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofisica , Sao Paulo , Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026042722154344968_j_enr-2021-0001_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amiel SA, Sherwin RS, Simonson DC, Lauritano AA, Tamborlane WV. Impaired insulin action in puberty. A contributing factor to poor glycemic control in adolescents with diabetes. N Engl J Med 315, 215\u2013219, 1986.10.1056\/NEJM198607243150402","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198607243150402"},{"key":"2026042722154344968_j_enr-2021-0001_ref_002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bloch CA, Clemons P, Sperling MA. Puberty decreases insulin sensitivity. J Pediatr 110, 481\u2013487, 1987.10.1016\/S0022-3476(87)80522-X","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(87)80522-X"},{"key":"2026042722154344968_j_enr-2021-0001_ref_003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bohlen TM, Silveira MA, Zampieri TT, Frazao R, Donato J, Jr. Fatness rather than leptin sensitivity determines the timing of puberty in female mice. 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Pediatr Res 60, 759\u2013763, 2006.10.1203\/01.pdr.0000246097.73031.27","DOI":"10.1203\/01.pdr.0000246097.73031.27"},{"key":"2026042722154344968_j_enr-2021-0001_ref_006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moran A, Jacobs DR, Jr., Steinberger J, Hong CP, Prineas R, Luepker R, Sinaiko AR. Insulin resistance during puberty: results from clamp studies in 357 children. Diabetes 48, 2039\u20132044, 1999.10.2337\/diabetes.48.10.2039","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.48.10.2039"},{"key":"2026042722154344968_j_enr-2021-0001_ref_007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moran A, Jacobs DR, Jr., Steinberger J, Cohen P, Hong CP, Prineas R, Sinaiko AR. Association between the insulin resistance of puberty and the insulin-like growth factor-I\/growth hormone axis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87, 4817\u20134820, 2002.10.1210\/jc.2002-020517","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-020517"},{"key":"2026042722154344968_j_enr-2021-0001_ref_008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nelson JF, Karelus K, Felicio LS, Johnson TE. Genetic influences on the timing of puberty in mice. Biol Reprod 42, 649\u2013655, 1990.10.1095\/biolreprod42.4.649","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod42.4.649"},{"key":"2026042722154344968_j_enr-2021-0001_ref_009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rizza RA, Mandarino LJ, Gerich JE. Effects of growth hormone on insulin action in man. Mechanisms of insulin resistance, impaired suppression of glucose production, and impaired stimulation of glucose utilization. Diabetes 31, 663\u2013669, 1982.10.2337\/diabetes.31.8.663","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.31.8.663"},{"key":"2026042722154344968_j_enr-2021-0001_ref_010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Veldhuis JD, Roemmich JN, Richmond EJ, Bowers CY. Somatotropic and gonadotropic axes linkages in infancy, childhood, and the puberty-adult transition. Endocr Rev 27, 101\u2013140, 2006.10.1210\/er.2005-0006","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2005-0006"}],"container-title":["Endocrine Regulations"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/reference-global.com\/pdf\/10.2478\/enr-2021-0001","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T03:36:32Z","timestamp":1777347392000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/reference-global.com\/article\/10.2478\/enr-2021-0001"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2478\/enr-2021-0001"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2478\/enr-2021-0001","relation":{},"ISSN":["1336-0329"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1336-0329","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]]}}}