{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T01:36:13Z","timestamp":1792200973277,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective.<\/jats:bold>\n                    Hypothyroidism is a syndrome characterized by clinical manifestations associated with thyroid hormone deficiency. The thyroid hormone plays a pivotal role in the hematopoietic system and stimulates precursors of erythropoietin gene expression. Therefore, anemia is a common clinical manifestation in hypothyroid individuals. The goal of this study was to carry out a prospective analysis of the prevalence of anemia, its types, and the etiology behind the differing anemia morphology among hypothyroid patients.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods.<\/jats:bold>\n                    The study was conducted with a sample size of 100 patients suffering from hypothyroidism. The methodology of the study included a questionnaire and consent filling for general information followed by a complete blood test for assessment of blood count, peripheral smear, FT3\/FT4 (free triiodothyronine\/thyroxine), anemia profile, vitamin B12, folate, LDH (lactate dehydrogenase), reticulocyte count, and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results.<\/jats:bold>\n                    The results of the study are in line with the previous studies and showed severe anemia and prevalence among women of reproductive age. Microcyte hypochromic anemia was found to be the most common type of morphological anemia, which was validated with low hemoglobin (Hb) levels, vitamin B12, FT3, and FT4. Additionally, TSH showed a positive correlation with reticulocyte count, LDH, and Hb in Pearson\u2019s correlation test.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion.<\/jats:bold>\n                    The study summarizes the need to investigate the underlying etiological agent responsible for better therapy and management of hypothyroidism and anemia suggesting also the use of oral iron supplements along with levothyroxine therapy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2478\/enr-2023-0014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]],"date-time":"2023-06-07T15:37:44Z","timestamp":1686152264000},"page":"114-120","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Anemia types in hypothyroid patients in a Coimbatore tertiary care hospital: A prospective observational study"],"prefix":"10.2478","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Priyanka","family":"Sasidharan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine , Government Medical College Nizamabad , Telangana , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoganathan","family":"Chidambaram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine , PSG IMS & R , Coimbatore , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhargavi","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine , PSG IMS & R , Coimbatore , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petchiappan","family":"Velammal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine , PSG IMS & R , Coimbatore , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sujith","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine , PSG IMS & R , Coimbatore , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026042723214441850_j_enr-2023-0014_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ahmed SS, Mohammed AA. Effects of thyroid dysfunction on hematological parameters: Case controlled study. Ann Med Sur 57, 52\u201355, 2020.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2020.07.008"},{"key":"2026042723214441850_j_enr-2023-0014_ref_002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Akbarpour E, Paridar Y, Mohammadi Z, Mard A, Danehchin L, Abolnezhadian F, Azadpour S, Rahimi Z, Zamani M, Cheraghian B, Poustchi H, Shayesteh AA. Anemia prevalence, severity, types, and correlates among adult women and men in a multiethnic Iranian population: the Khuzestan Comprehensive Health Study (KCHS). BMC Public Health, 22, 168, 2022.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-022-12512-6"},{"key":"2026042723214441850_j_enr-2023-0014_ref_003","unstructured":"Bashir H, Bhat MH, Farooq R, Majid S, Shoib S, Hamid R, Mattoo AA, Rashid T, Bhat AA, Wani HA, Masood A. Comparison of hematological parameters in untreated and treated subclinical hypothyroidism and primary hypothyroidism patients. Med J Islam Repub Iran 26, 172\u2013178, 2012."},{"key":"2026042723214441850_j_enr-2023-0014_ref_004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bremner AP, Feddema P, Joske DJ, Leedman PJ, O\u2019Leary PC, Olynyk JK, Walsh JP. Significant association between thyroid hormones and erythrocyte indices in euthyroid subjects. Clin Endocrinol 76, 04\u201311, 2012.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2011.04228.x"},{"key":"2026042723214441850_j_enr-2023-0014_ref_005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Das C, Sahana PK, Sengupta N, Giri D, Roy M, Mukhopadhyay P. Etiology of anemia in primary hypothyroid subjects in a tertiary care center in Eastern India. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 6, S361\u2013S363, 2012.","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.104093"},{"key":"2026042723214441850_j_enr-2023-0014_ref_006","unstructured":"Gavrila A. Subclinical thyroid disease increases in the incidence of heart failure in older persons. Clin Thyroidol Public 5, 6\u20137, 2012."},{"key":"2026042723214441850_j_enr-2023-0014_ref_007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Islam R, Akter KM, Rahman A, Khanam NN, Al Azad S, Islam MR, Farjana M, Rahman MH, Badal MNU, Ahmed S, Assaduzzaman. The serological basis of the correlation between iron deficiency anemia and thyroid disorders in women: A community based study. J Pharm Res Int 33, 69\u201381, 2021.","DOI":"10.9734\/jpri\/2021\/v33i19A31330"},{"key":"2026042723214441850_j_enr-2023-0014_ref_008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jablonka A, Wetzke M, Sogkas G, Dopfer C, Schmidt RE, Behrens GMN, Happle C. Prevalence and types of anemia in a large refugee cohort in Western Europe in 2015. J Immigr Minor Health 20, 1332\u20131338, 2018.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-018-0725-6"},{"key":"2026042723214441850_j_enr-2023-0014_ref_009","unstructured":"Jameson JL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Loscalzo J. Harrison\u2019s Principles of Internal medicine. 20th Edition, New York, McGraw-Hill Education 2018."},{"key":"2026042723214441850_j_enr-2023-0014_ref_010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kassebaum NJ, GBD 2013 Anemia Collaborators. The global burden of anemia. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 30, 247\u2013308, 2016.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hoc.2015.11.002"},{"key":"2026042723214441850_j_enr-2023-0014_ref_011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khatiwada S, Gelal B, Baral N, Lamsal M. Association between iron status and thyroid function in Nepalese children. Thyroid Res 9, 2, 2016.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13044-016-0031-0"},{"key":"2026042723214441850_j_enr-2023-0014_ref_012","unstructured":"Glynn M, Drake WM. Hutchison\u2019s Clinical Methods: An integrated approach to clinical practice. 24th edition. Elsevier 2018."},{"key":"2026042723214441850_j_enr-2023-0014_ref_013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Montagnana M, Lippi G, Targher G, Salvagno GL, Guidi GC. The red blood cell distribution width is associated with serum levels of thyroid stimulating hormone in the general population. Int J Lab Hematol 31, 581\u2013582, 2009.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-553X.2008.01082.x"},{"key":"2026042723214441850_j_enr-2023-0014_ref_014","unstructured":"Soliman AT, De Sanctis V, Yassin M, Wagdy M, Soliman N. Chronic anemia and thyroid function. Acta Biomed 88, 119\u201327, 2017."},{"key":"2026042723214441850_j_enr-2023-0014_ref_015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Szczepanek-Parulska E, Hernik A, Ruchala M. Anemia in thyroid diseases. Polish Arch Intern Med 127, 352\u201360, 2017.","DOI":"10.20452\/pamw.3985"},{"key":"2026042723214441850_j_enr-2023-0014_ref_016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van Vliet NA, Kamphuis AEP, den Elzen WPJ, Blauw GJ, Gussekloo J, Noordam R, van Heemst D. Thyroid function and risk of anemia: A multivariable-adjusted and mendelian randomization analysis in the UK Biobank. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 107, e643\u2013e652, 2022.","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab674"},{"key":"2026042723214441850_j_enr-2023-0014_ref_017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wildisen L, Feller M, Del Giovane C, Moutzouri E, Du Puy RS, Mooijaart SP, Collet TH, Poortvliet RKE, Kearney P, Quinn TJ, Kloppel S, Bauer DC, Peeters RP, Westendorp R, Aujesky D, Gussekloo J, Rodondi N. Effect of levothyroxine therapy on the development of depressive symptoms in older adults with subclinical hypothyroidism: An ancillary study of a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Netw Open 4, 1\u201312, 2021.","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.36645"},{"key":"2026042723214441850_j_enr-2023-0014_ref_018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wopereis DM, Du Puy RS, van Heemst D, Walsh JP, Bremner A, Bakker SJL, et al. The relation between thyroid function and anemia: A pooled analysis of individual participant data. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 103, 3658\u20133667, 2018.","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-00481"}],"container-title":["Endocrine Regulations"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/reference-global.com\/pdf\/10.2478\/enr-2023-0014","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T08:00:24Z","timestamp":1777363224000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/reference-global.com\/article\/10.2478\/enr-2023-0014"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2478\/enr-2023-0014"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2478\/enr-2023-0014","relation":{},"ISSN":["1336-0329"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1336-0329","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]]}}}