{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T13:27:13Z","timestamp":1787146033685,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Following the recovery of the metacercariae of a brachylaimid trematode from the rectum of the frog\n                    <jats:italic>Amnirana galamensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    from Ase in Delta State, Nigeria, we investigated the land snails in the locality to establish their roles in the life cycle of the parasite. Of the four land snails investigated from Ase (\n                    <jats:italic>Limicolaria aurora<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Archachatina marginata<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>A. papyracea<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Thapsia oscitans<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), and a\n                    <jats:italic>Limicolaria<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. from Tombia (Bayelsa State), four harboured larval stages of the bracylaimid. Only\n                    <jats:italic>L. aurora<\/jats:italic>\n                    and the\n                    <jats:italic>Limicolaria<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. harboured cercariogenous sporocysts and are therefore presumed to serve as the first intermediate hosts of the parasite. Metacercariae were recovered from the\n                    <jats:italic>Limicolaria<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. and the\n                    <jats:italic>Archachatina<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. and so serve as the second intermediate hosts. No larval brachylaimids were recovered from\n                    <jats:italic>T. oscitans<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Metacercariae from\n                    <jats:italic>L. aurora<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>A. papyracea<\/jats:italic>\n                    were cultured\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    in 14 days old chicks of\n                    <jats:italic>Gallus gallus domesticus<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Parasites recovered from the experimental hosts 7, 14, 21 and 28 days post-infection, showed progressive development of the parasite with the full maturity attained by the 28\n                    <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                    day post-infection. Adult parasites recovered from the experimental birds and from free range chicken purchased from Ase and Tombia showed that the brachylaimid infecting these birds was\n                    <jats:italic>Postharmostomum ntowi<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a parasite previously reported in domestic chicken in Ghana. There is need to investigate the host range of the parasite in Nigeria as this trematode is also known to infect the Guinea fowl in Ghana.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2478\/helm-2023-0006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,4]],"date-time":"2023-06-04T07:37:58Z","timestamp":1685864278000},"page":"84-93","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Observations on the biology of\n                    <i>Postharmostomum ntowi<\/i>\n                    Hodasi, 1967 (Trematoda: Brachylaimidae) based on intermediate and definitive hosts found in Nigeria"],"prefix":"10.2478","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"E. O.","family":"Alari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology Research , Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences , University of Benin , Benin City , Nigeria ,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. P.","family":"Ugbomeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied and Environmental Biology , Rivers State University , Port Harcourt , Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. O.","family":"Awharitoma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology Research , Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences , University of Benin , Benin City , Nigeria ,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. E.","family":"Enabulele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology Research , Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences , University of Benin , Benin City , Nigeria ,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.S.O.","family":"Aisien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology Research , Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences , University of Benin , Benin City , Nigeria ,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081912522701864_j_helm-2023-0006_ref_001","unstructured":"Adebayo, D.I. (2021): Helminth parasites of water turtles from Ondo State, Nigeria. B.Sc. 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DOI: 10.1079\/JOH2002155","DOI":"10.1079\/JOH2002155"},{"key":"2026081912522701864_j_helm-2023-0006_ref_005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Butcher, A.R., Grove, D.I. (2001): Description of the life-cycle stages of Brachylaima cribbi n. sp. (Digenea: Brachylaimidae) derived from eggs recovered from human faeces in Australia. Syst Parasitol, 49: 211 \u2013 221. DOI: 10.1023\/a:1010616920412","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010616920412"},{"key":"2026081912522701864_j_helm-2023-0006_ref_006","unstructured":"Canaris, A.G. (1963): Postharmostomum sp. Witenberg, 1923 (Brachylaimidae: Trematoda) in land snails from Uganda, East Africa. J Parasitol, 49: (5, Section 2, 38) 26"},{"key":"2026081912522701864_j_helm-2023-0006_ref_007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cribb, T.H., Barton, D.P. (1991): Zeylanurotrema spearei sp. n. (Digenea: Brachylaimidae) from the cane toad, Bufo marinus in Australia. Zool Scr, 20: 207 \u2013 213. 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