{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T03:13:07Z","timestamp":1792552387921,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Polish Academy of Sciences Chancellery","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,1]],"date-time":"2014-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1393632000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to choose the optimal variant of PCR examination of faeces to detect Echinococcus multilocularis infection which would allow to reduce the influence of different inhibitors in faeces. The investigation was carried out by comparison of 3 different methods of DNA isolation from faeces and different DNA dilutions used in PCR. Thirty five intestines of red foxes were used. Small intestines were examined by the sedimentation and counting technique (SCT). Faeces were collected from the rectum for PCR and flotation. DNA were isolated with the use of 3 different methods. Two methods were dedicated for faeces: method 1 (M1) - for larger samples and method 2 (M2) - for standard samples. The third method, method 3 (M3), was not dedicated for faeces. DNA samples were tested by nested PCR in 6 variants: not diluted (1\/1) and 5 diluted (1\/2.5, 1\/5, 1\/10. 1\/20, 1\/40). E. multilocularis was found by SCT in 18 from 35 (51.4%) intestines. Taenia-type eggs were detected only in 20.0% of faecal samples. In PCR the highest number of positive results (45.7%) were obtained during examination of DNA isolated by M1 method, and then 40.0% and 34.3%, respectively, for M2 and M3. In some samples positive results in PCR were obtained only in diluted DNA. For example, 8 from 12 positive samples isolated by M3 method gave the PCR negative results in non-diluted DNA and positive only after dilution 1:2.5, 1:10 or 1:20. Also 3 samples isolated by methods dedicated for stool gave positive results only after DNA dilution. The investigation has revealed that in copro-PCR for detection of E. multilocularis infection additional using of diluted DNA (besides non diluted) can avoid false negative results causing by PCR inhibition. In the best method of DNA isolation (M1), the use of non diluted DNA sample together with diluted in proportion 1:10 seems to be optimal.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2478\/pjvs-2014-0010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,3]],"date-time":"2014-09-03T15:14:47Z","timestamp":1409757287000},"page":"79-83","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Detection of Echinococcus multilocularis in faeces by nested PCR with the use of diluted DNA samples"],"prefix":"10.24425","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Karamon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"37468","reference":[{"key":"ref91","first-page":"491","article-title":"odziej Detection of Echinococcus multilocularis antigens in faeces by ELISA","author":"Machnicka","year":"2003","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"ref201","first-page":"109","article-title":"real - time multiplex - nested PCR system for coprological diagnosis of Echinococcus multilocularis and host species","author":"Dinkel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"ref291","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(98)00263-5","article-title":"der Detection of Echinococcus multilocularis in foxes in The","volume":"82","author":"Van","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(98)00263-5","article-title":"der Detection of Echinococcus multilocularis in foxes in The","volume":"82","author":"Van","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"ref191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1871","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.36.7.1871-1876.1998","article-title":"von Detection of Echinococcus multilocularis in the definitive host : coprodiagnosis by PCR as an alternative to necropsy","author":"Dinkel","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref261","first-page":"179","article-title":"Office International des Epizooties Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals World Organisation for","author":"Paris","year":"2010","journal-title":"Animal Health"},{"key":"ref161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2005.04.005","article-title":"Echinococcus multilocularis in red foxes vulpes of the Italian Alpine region : is there a focus of autochthonous transmission","author":"Casulli","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"ref131","first-page":"128","article-title":"kova Field evaluation of an intravital diagnostic test of Echinococcus multilocularis infection in red foxes","author":"Reiterova","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"ref111","first-page":"179","article-title":"Office International des Epizooties Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals World Organisation for","author":"Paris","year":"2010","journal-title":"Animal Health"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"37","article-title":"Diagnosis of the Echinococcus multilocularis infection in final hosts","author":"Deplazes","year":"1996","journal-title":"Appl Parasitol"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1871","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.36.7.1871-1876.1998","article-title":"von Detection of Echinococcus multilocularis in the definitive host : coprodiagnosis by PCR as an alternative to necropsy","author":"Dinkel","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref71","first-page":"185","article-title":"The first detection of Echinococcus multilocularis in slaughtered pigs in","author":"Karamon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/1970453321","article-title":"de l efficacite une technique de coproscopie quantitative pour le diagnostic de routine et le controle des infestations parasitaires des bovins ovins equins et porcins","author":"Raynaud","year":"1970","journal-title":"Ann Parasitol Hum"},{"key":"ref51","first-page":"109","article-title":"real - 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