{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T23:07:25Z","timestamp":1783897645982,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,26]],"date-time":"2021-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611619200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_raon-2021-0006_s_005_w2aab3b7c35b1b6b1aab1c16b1Aa\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recurrent bleeding from gastroesophageal varices is the most common life-threatening complication of portal hypertension. According to guidelines, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) should not be used as a first-line treatment and should be limited to those bleedings which are refractory to pharmacologic and endoscopic treatment (ET). To our knowledge, long-term studies evaluating the role of elective TIPS in comparison to ET in patients with recurrent variceal bleeding episodes are rare.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_raon-2021-0006_s_006_w2aab3b7c35b1b6b1aab1c16b2Aa\">\n                    <jats:title>Patients and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was designed as a retrospective single-institution analysis of 70 patients treated with TIPS and 56 with ET. Patients were followed-up from inclusion in the study until death, liver transplantation, the last follow-up observation or until the end of our study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_raon-2021-0006_s_007_w2aab3b7c35b1b6b1aab1c16b3Aa\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Recurrent variceal bleeding was significantly more frequent in ET group compared to patients TIPS group (66.1%\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      . 21.4%, p &lt; 0.001; \u03c72-test). The incidence of death secondary to recurrent bleeding was higher in the ET group (28.6%\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      . 10%). Cumulative survival after 1 year, 2 years and 5 years in TIPS group compared to ET group was 85%\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      . 83%, 73%\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      . 67% and 41%\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      . 35%, respectively. The main cause of death in patients with cumulative survival more than 2 years was liver failure. Median observation time was 47 months (range; 2\u2013194 months) in the TIPS group and 40 months (range; 1\u2013168 months) in the ET group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_raon-2021-0006_s_008_w2aab3b7c35b1b6b1aab1c16b4Aa\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In present study TIPS was more effective in the prevention of recurrent variceal bleeding and had lower mortality due to recurrent variceal bleeding compared to ET.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2478\/raon-2021-0006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,8]],"date-time":"2021-04-08T09:52:15Z","timestamp":1617875535000},"page":"164-171","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["TIPS\n                    <i>vs<\/i>\n                    . endoscopic treatment for prevention of recurrent variceal bleeding: a long-term follow-up of 126 patients"],"prefix":"10.2478","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Spela","family":"Korsic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Institute of Radiology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana , Ljubljana , Slovenia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana , Ljubljana , Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Borut","family":"Stabuc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana , Ljubljana , Slovenia"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana , Ljubljana , Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavel","family":"Skok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, University Medical Centre Maribor , Maribor , Slovenia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor , Maribor , Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Popovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Institute of Radiology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana , Ljubljana , Slovenia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana , Ljubljana , Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026071210580624600_j_raon-2021-0006_ref_001_w2aab3b7c35b1b6b1ab2ab1Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garcia-Tsao G, Sanyal AJ, Grace ND, Carey W. Prevention and management of gastroesophageal varices and variceal hemorrhage in cirrhosis. Hepatology 2007; 46: 922-38. doi: 10.1002\/hep.21907","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21907"},{"key":"2026071210580624600_j_raon-2021-0006_ref_002_w2aab3b7c35b1b6b1ab2ab2Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bandali MF, Mirakhur A, Lee EW, Ferris MC, Sadler DJ, Gray RR, et al. Portal hypertension: imaging of portosystemic collateral pathways and associated image-guided therapy. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23: 1735-46. doi: 10.3748\/wjg.v23.i10.1735","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v23.i10.1735"},{"key":"2026071210580624600_j_raon-2021-0006_ref_003_w2aab3b7c35b1b6b1ab2ab3Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garcia-Tsao G, Abraldes JG, Berzigotti A, Bosch J. Portal hypertensive bleeding in cirrhosis: risk stratification, diagnosis, and management: 2016 practice guidance by the American Association for the study of liver diseases. 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