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The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of knowledge-based planning (KBP) in CSI by comparing original manual plans (MP), KBP RapidPlan initial plans (RP\n                      <jats:sub>I<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), and KBP RapidPlan final plans (RP\n                      <jats:sub>F<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), which received further re-optimization to meet the dose constraints.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dose distributions in the target were evaluated in terms of coverage, mean dose, conformity index (CI), and homogeneity index (HI). The dosimetric results of OARs, planning time, and monitor unit (MU) were evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      All MP and RP\n                      <jats:sub>F<\/jats:sub>\n                      plans met the plan goals, and 89.36% of RP\n                      <jats:sub>I<\/jats:sub>\n                      plans met the plan goals. The Wilcoxon tests showed comparable target coverage, CI, and HI for the MP and RP\n                      <jats:sub>F<\/jats:sub>\n                      groups; however, worst plan quality was demonstrated in the RP\n                      <jats:sub>I<\/jats:sub>\n                      plans than in MP and RP\n                      <jats:sub>F<\/jats:sub>\n                      . For the OARs, RP\n                      <jats:sub>F<\/jats:sub>\n                      and RP\n                      <jats:sub>I<\/jats:sub>\n                      groups had better dosimetric results than the MP group (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05 for optic nerves, eyes, parotid glands, and heart). The planning time was significantly reduced by the KBP from an average of 677.80 min in MP to 227.66 min (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05) and 307.76 min (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05) in RP\n                      <jats:sub>I<\/jats:sub>\n                      , and RP\n                      <jats:sub>F<\/jats:sub>\n                      , respectively. MU was not significantly different between these three groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The KBP can significantly reduce planning time in CSI. Manual re-optimization after the initial KBP is recommended to enhance the plan quality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2478\/raon-2024-0018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]],"date-time":"2024-03-07T11:46:10Z","timestamp":1709811970000},"page":"289-299","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Dosimetry and efficiency comparison of knowledge-based and manual planning using volumetric modulated arc therapy for craniospinal irradiation"],"prefix":"10.2478","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Wei-Ta","family":"Tsai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences , National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University , Taipei , Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology , Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation , Chiayi , Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-Ling","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology , Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation , Chiayi , Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shih-Kai","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology , Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation , Chiayi , Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine , Tzu Chi University , Hualien , Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi-Fu","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology , Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation , Chiayi , Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming-Fen","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology , Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation , Chiayi , Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Po-Hao","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology , Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation , Chiayi , Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chia-Yi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology , Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation , Chiayi , Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Chih","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Radiation Oncology , Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation , Taichung , Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Yen","family":"Chiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology , Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation , Chiayi , Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine , Tzu Chi University , Hualien , Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tung-Hsin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences , National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University , Taipei , Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026071214205938496_j_raon-2024-0018_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seidel C, Heider S, Hau P, Glasow A, Dietzsch S, Kortmann RD. 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